between Caesar and Pompey, Bibulus
supported
(Caes.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - a
§ 4; Cic.
de Amic.
16,
Pyth. iv. 288; comp. ATHAMAS. ) (L. S. ) Parad, i. ; Diod. Exc. p. 552, ed. Wess ; Gell.
BIA'NOR, an ancient hero of the town of Man- v. 11; Diog. Laërt. i. 82-88; comp. Herod.
tua, was a son of Tiberis and Manto, and was also i. 20 – 22 ; Plut. Sol. 4. )
(E. E. )
called Ocnus or Aucnus. He is said to have built BIBA'CULUS, the name of a family of the
the town of Mantua, and to have called it after Furia gens.
his mother. According to others, Ocnus was a 1. L. FURIUS BIBACULUS, quaestor, fell in the
son or brother of Auletes, the founder of Perusia, battle of Cannae, B. c. 216. (Liv. xxii. 49. )
and emigrated to Gaul, where he built Cesena. 2. L. Furius BIBACULUS, a pious and religious
(Serv. ad Virg. Ed. ix. 60, Aen. x. 198. ) [L. S. ) man, who, when he was praetor, carried, at the
BIA'NOR (Blávwp), a Bithynian, the author of command of his father, the magister of the college
twenty-one epigrams in the Greek Anthology, of the Salii, the ancilia with his six lictors preced-
lired under the emperors Augustus and Tiberius. ing him, although he was exempted from this duty
His epigrams were included by Philip of Thessalo by virtue of his praetorship. (Val. Max. i. 1. $ ;
nica in his collection. (Jacobs, xiii. p. 868; Fabric. Lactant. i. 21. )
Bill. Gracc. iv. p. 467. )
[P. S. ] 3. M. Furius BiBACULU'S. See below.
## p. 487 (#507) ############################################
BIBACULUS.
487
BIBULUS.
i
Onun
berdeen
ܬܪ̈ܘܽ ܠܝܶ
BEL
it. bo:
de
LE]
4. គ
resses
are
BIBACULUS, M. FU'RIUS, who is classed | Tacitus (Ann. iv. 34), that the writings of Biba-
by Quintilian (x. 1. & 96) along with Catullus and culus were stuffed with insults against the first
Horace as one of the most distinguished of the two Caesars—a consideration which will serve to
Roman satiric iambographers, and who is in like explain also the hostility displayed by the favourite
manner ranked by Diomedes, in his chapter on of the Augustan court towards Catullus, whose ta-
iambic verse (p. 482, ed. Putsch. ) with Archilochus lents and taste were as fully and deservedly appre-
and Hipponax, among the Greeks, and with Luci- ciated by his countrymen and contemporaries as
lius, Catullus, and Horice, among the Latins, they have been by modern critics, but whose praises
was born, according to St. Jerome in the Eusebian were little likely to sound pleasing in the ears of
chronicle, at Cremona in the year B. c. 103. From the adopted son and heir of the dictator Julius.
the scanty and unimportant specimens of his works Lastly, by comparing some expressions of the
transmitted to modern times, we are scarcely in a elder Pliny (Praef. H. N. ) with hints dropped by
condition to form any estimate of his powers. A Suetonius (de Illustr. Gr. c. 4) and Macrobius (Su-
single senarian is quoted by Suetonius (de Illustr. turn. ii. 1), there is room for a conjecture, that
Gr. c. 9), containing an allusion to the loss of me- Bibaculus made a collection of celebrated jests and
mory sustained in old age by the famous Orbilius witticisms, and gave the compilation to the world
Pupillus; and the same author (c. 11) has pre- under the title of Lucubrationes.
served two short epigrams in hendecasyllabic mea- We must carefully avoid confounding Furius
bure, not remarkable for good taste or good feeling, Bibaculus with the Furius who was imitated in
in which Bibaculus sneers at the poverty to which several passages of the Aeneid, and from whose
his friend, Valerius Cato (VALERIUS CATO), had Annals, extending to eleven books at least, we
been reduced at the close of life, as contrasted with find some extracts in the Saturnalia. (Macrob. Sa-
the splendour of the villa which that unfortunate turn. vi. l; Compare Merula, ad Enn. Ann. p. xli. )
poet and grammarian had at one period possessed The latter was named in full Aulus Furius Antias.
at Tusculum, but which had been seized by his and to bim L. Lutatius Catulus, colleague of M.
importunate creditors. In addition to these frag- Marius in the consulship of B. c. 102, addressed
ments, a dactylic hexameter is to be found in the an account of the campaign against the Cimbri.
Scholiast on Juvenal (viii. 16), and a scrap consist (Cic. Brut. c. 35. ) To this Furius Antias are at
ing of three words in Charisius (p. 102, ed. Putsch. ). attributed certain lines found in Aulus Gellius
We have good reason, however, to believe that (xviii. 11), and brought under review on account
Bibaculus did not confine his efforts to pieces of a of the affected neoterisms with which they abound.
light or sarcastic tone, but attempted themes of Had we any fair pretext for calling in question
more lofty pretensions. It seems certain that he the authority of the summaries prefixed to the
published a poem on the Gaulish wars, entitled chapters of the Noctes Atticae, we should feel
Pragmatia Belli Gallici, and it is probable that he strongly disposed to follow G. J. Voss, Lambinus,
was the author of another upon some of the legends and Heindorf, in assigning these follies to the am-
connected with the Aethiopian allies of king Priam. bitious Bibaculus rather than to the chaste and
The former is known to us only from an unlucky simple Antias, whom even Virgil did not disdain
metaphor cleverly parodied by Horace, who takes to copy. (Weichert, Poet. Latin. Reliqu. ) (W. R. )
occasion at the same time to ridicule the obese ro- BI'BULUS, a cognomen of the plebeian Cal-
tundity of person which distinguished the com- pumia gens.
poser. (Hor. Serm. ii. 5. 41, and the notes of the 1. L. CALPURNIUS BIBULUS, obtained each of
Scholiast ; comp. Quintil. viii. 6. S 17. ) The ex- the public magistracies in the same year as C.
istence of the latter depends upon our acknowledg- Julius Caesar. He was curule aedile in B. C. 65,
ing that the “turgidus Alpinus” represented in the praetor in 62, and consul in 59.
Caesar was
epistle to Julius Florus (1. 103) as “murdering anxious to obtain L. Lucceius for his colleague in
Memnon, and polluting by his turbid descriptions the consulship; but as Lucceius was a thorough
the fair fountains of the Rhine, is no other than partizan of Caesar's, while Bibulus was opposed to
Bibaculus. The evidence for this rests entirely him, the aristocratica party used every effort to
upon an emendation introduced by Bentley into secure the election of the latter, and contributed
the text of the old commentators on the above large sums of money for this purpose. (Suet. Caes.
passage, but the correction is so simple, and tallies 19. ) Bibulus, accordingly, gained his election, but
so well with the rest of the annotation, and with was able to do but very little for his party. After
the circumstances of the case, that it may be pro- an ineffectual attempt to oppose Caesar's agrarian
nounced almost certain. The whole question is law, he withdrew from the popular assemblies al-
fully and satisfactorily discussed in the disserta- together, and shut himself up in his own house for
tion of Weichert in bis Poet. Latin. Reliqu. p. 331, the remainder of the year; whence it was said in
&c. Should we think it worth our while to joke, that it was the consulship of Julius and Cae-
inquire into the cause of the enmity thus mani- He confined his opposition to publishing
fested by Horace towards a brother poet whose edicts against Caesar's measures : these were
age might have commanded forbearance if not re widely circulated among his party, and greatly ex-
spect,
it
may perhaps be plausibly ascribed tolled as pieces of composition. (Suet. Caes. 9. 49;
indisposition which had been testified on the part Cic. ad Att. ii. 19, 20; Plut. Pomp. 48 ; comp.
of the elder bard to recognise the merits of his Cic. Brut. 77. ) To vitiate Caesar's measures, he
youthful competitor, and possibly to some expres- also pretended, that he was observing the skies,
sion of indignation at the presumptuous freedom while his colleague was engaged in the comitia
with which Lucilius, the idol and model of the old (Cic. pro Dom. 15); but such kind of opposition
school, had been censured in the earlier productions was not likely to have any effect upon Caesar.
of the Venusian. An additional motive may be On the expiration of his consulship, Bibulus re-
found in the fact, which we learn from the well mained at Rome, as no province had been assigned
known oration of Cremutius Cordus as reported by him. Here he continued to oppose the measures
1. 53;
QUES
**ធ ៩
sar.
tend
E]
of
some
in Libe
merede
5 SEXT
. . $$;
## p. 488 (#508) ############################################
488
BIBULUS.
BION.
of Caesar and Pompey, and prevented the latter / nius, because it was known that their father had
in 56 from restoring in person Ptolemy Auletes to been opposed to the expedition of Gabinius, which
Egypt. When, bowever, a coolness began to arise had been undertaken at the instigation of Pompey.
between Caesar and Pompey, Bibulus supported (Caes. B. C. ii. 110; Val. Max. iv. I. $ 15 ; comp.
the latter, and it was upon his proposal, that Cic. ad Att. vi. 5, ad Fam. ii. 17. )
Pompey was elected sole consul in 52, when the 4. L. CALPURNIUS BIBULUS, the youngest son
republic was almost in a state of anarchy through of No. l, was quite a youth at his father's death
the tumults following the death of Clodius. In the (Plut. Brut. 13), after which he lived at Rome
following year, 51, Bibulus obtained a province in with M. Brutus, who married his mother Porcia.
consequence of a law of Pompey's, which provided He went to Athens in B. C. 45 to prosecute his
that no future consul or praetor should have a pro- studies (Cic. ad Att. xii. 32), and appears to have
vince till five years after the expiration of his joined his step-father Brutus after the death of Cae
magistracy. As the magistrates for the time being sar in 44, in consequence of which he was proscribed
were thus excluded, it was provided that all men by the trium virs. He was present at the battle of
of consular or praetorian rank who had not held Philippi in 42, and shortly after surrendered him-
provinces, should now draw lots for the vacant ones. self to Antony, who pardoned him and promoted
In consequence of this measure Bibulus went to him to the command of his fleet, whence we find on
Syria as proconsul about the same time as Cicero soine of the coins of Antony the inscription L.
went to Cilicia. The eastern provinces of the Ro BiBuLUS PRAEF. CLAS. (Eckhel, v. p. 161, vi.
man empire were then in the greatest alarm, as the p. 57. ) He was frequently employed by Antony
Parthians had crossed the Euphrates, but they in the negotiations between himself and Augustus,
were driven back shortly before the arrival of and was finally promoted by the former to the go-
Bibulus by C. Cassius, the proquaestor. Cicero vernment of Syria, where he died shortly before the
was very jealous of this victory which had been battle of Actium. (Appian, B. C. iv. 38, 104, 136,
gained in a neighbouring province, and took good v. 132. ) Bibulus wrote the Memorabilia of his
eare to let his friends know that Bibulus had no step-father, a small work which Plutarch made use
share in it When Bibulus obtained a thanks- of in writing the life of Brutus. (Plut. Brut. 13,
giving of twenty days consequence of the vic- 23. )
tory, Cicero complained bitterly, to his friends, C. BI'BULUS, an aedile mentioned by Tacitus
that Bibulus had made false representations to the (Ann. iii. 52) in the reign of Tiberius, A. D. 22,
senate. Although great fears were entertained, appears to be the same as the L. Publicius Bibulus,
that the invasion would be repeated, the Parthians a plebeian aedile, to whom the senate granted a
did not appear for the next year. Bibulus left the burial-place both for himself and his posterity.
province with the reputation of having administered (Orelli, Inscr. n. 4698. )
its internal affairs with integrity and zeal.
BILIENIS. [BELLIENUS. ]
On his return to the west in 49, Bibulus was BION (Blwv). 1. Of Proconnesus, a contem-
appointed by Pompey commander of his fleet in porary of Pherecydes of Syros, who consequently
the Ionian sea to prevent Caesar from crossing lived about B. c. 560. He is mentioned by Dio-
over into Greece. Caesar, however, contrived to genes Laërtius (iv. 58) as the author of two works
elude his vigilance; and Bibulus fell in with only which he does not specify; but we must infer from
thirty ships returning to Italy after landing Clemens of Alexandria (Strom. vi. p. 267), that one
some troops. Enraged at his disappointment, he of these was an abridgement of the work of the
burnt these ships with their crews. This was in ancient historian, Cadmus of Miletus.
the winter; and his own men suffered much from 2. A mathematician of Abdera, and a pupil of
cold and want of fuel and water, as Caesar was Democritus. He wrote both in the lonic and Attic
now in possession of the eastern coast and pre dialects, and was the first who said that there were
vented his crews from landing. Sickness broke some parts of the earth in which it was night for
out among his men; Bibulus himself fell ill, and six months, while the remaining six months were
died in the beginning of the year 48, near Corcyra, one uninterrupted day. (Diog. Laërt. iv. 58. ) He
before the battle of Dyrrhachium. (Caes. B. C. ii. is probably the same as the one whom Strabo (i.
5-18; Dion Cass. xli. 48; Plut. Brut. 13; Oros. p. 29) calls an astrologer.
yi. 15; Cic. Brut. 77. )
3. Of Soli, is mentioned by Diogenes Laërtius
Bibulus was not a man of much ability, and is (iv. 58) as the author of a work on Aethiopia
chiefly indebted for his celebrity to the fact of his (A1010miká), of which a few fragments are preserved
being one of Caesar's principal, though not most in Pliny (vi. 35), Athenaeus (xiii. p. 566), and in
formidable, opponents. He married Porcia, the Cramer's Anecdota (iii. p. 415). Whether he is
daughter of M. Porcius Cato Uticensis, by whom the same as the one from whom Plutarch (Thes.
he had three sons mentioned below. (Orelli, Ono 26) quotes a tradition respecting the Amazons,
mast. Tull. p. 119, &c. ; Drumann's Gesch. Roms, and from whom Agathias (il. 25; comp. Syncellus,
ii. p. 97, &c. )
p. 676, ed. Dindorf) quotes a statement respecting
2. 3. CALPURNU Bibuli, two sons of the pre- the history of Assyria, is uncertain. Varro (De
ceding, whose praenomens are unknown, were Re Rust. i. 1) mentions Bion of Soli among the
murdered in Egypt, B, C. 50, by the soldiers of writers on agriculture ; and Pliny refers to the
Gabinius. Their father bore his loss with fortitude same or similar works, in the Elenchi to several
though he deeply felt it; and when the murderers books. (Lib. 8, 10, 14, 15, 17, 18. ) Some think
of his children were subsequently delivered up to that Bion of Soli is the same as Caecilius Bion.
him by Cleopatra, he sent them back, saying that (Biox, CAECILIUS. ]
their punishment was not his duty but that of the 4. Of Smyrna, or rather of the small place of
eenate. Bibulus bad probably sent his sons into Phlossa on the river Meles, near Smyrna. " (Suid.
Egypt to solicit aid against the Parthians; and they | s. r. CÓRPITOS. ) All that we know about him is
may have been murdered by the soldiers of Gabi- | the little that can be inferred from the third Idyl
## p. 489 (#509) ############################################
BION.
489
BION.
of Moschus, who laments his untimely death. The that Diogenes by these words meant to describe a
time at which he lived can be pretty accurately poet whose works bore the character of extempore
determined by the fact, that he was older than poetry, of which the inhabitants of Tarsus were
Moschus, who calls himself the pupil of Bion. particularly fond (Strab. xiv. p. 674), and that
(Mosch. ji:. 96, &c. ) His fiourishing period must Bion lived shortly before or at the time of Strabo.
therefore bave very ncarly coincided with that of Suidas (s. v. Aloxúxos) mentions a son of Aeschylus
Theocritus, and must be fixed at about B. C. 280. of the name of Bion who was likewise a tragic
Moschus states, that Bion left his native country poet; but nothing further is known about him.
and spent the last years of his life in Sicily, culti- 6. A melic poet, about whom no particulars are
vating bucolic poetry, the natural growth of that known. (Diog. Laërt. iv. 58; Eudoc. p. 94. )
island. Whether he also visited Macedonia and 7. A Greek sophist, who is said to have censured
Thrace, as Moschus (iii. 17, &c. ) intimates, is un- Homer for not giving a true account of the events
certain, since it may be that Moschus mentions he describes. (Acron, ad Ilorat. Epist. ii. 2. ) He
those countries only because he calls Bion the Do is perhaps the same as one of the two rhetoricians
ric Orpheus. He died of poison, which had been of this name.
administered to him by several persons, who after- 8. The name of two Greek rhetoricians; the one,
wards received their well-deserved punishment for a native of Syracuse, was the author of theoretical
the crime. With respect to the relation of master works on rhetoric (Téxvas ønTopixds yeypapus);
and pupil between Bion and Moschus, we cannot the other, whose native country is unknown, was
say anything with certainty, except that the resem- said to have written a work in nine books,
blance between the productions of the two poets which bore the names of the nine Muses. (Diog.
obliges us to suppose, at least, that Moschus imi- Laërt. iv. 58. )
(L. S. ]
tated Bion; and this may, in fact, be all that is BION (Biwv), a Scythian philosopher, surnamed
meant when Moschus calls himself a disciple of BorystHENITES, from the town of Oczacoria, Ol-
the latter. The subjects of Bion's poetry, viz. bia, or Borysthenes, near the mouth of the Dnieper,
shepherds' and love-songs, are beautifully described lived about B. c. 250, but the exact dates of hịs
by Moschus (iii. 82, &c. ); but we can now form birth and death are uncertain.
Pyth. iv. 288; comp. ATHAMAS. ) (L. S. ) Parad, i. ; Diod. Exc. p. 552, ed. Wess ; Gell.
BIA'NOR, an ancient hero of the town of Man- v. 11; Diog. Laërt. i. 82-88; comp. Herod.
tua, was a son of Tiberis and Manto, and was also i. 20 – 22 ; Plut. Sol. 4. )
(E. E. )
called Ocnus or Aucnus. He is said to have built BIBA'CULUS, the name of a family of the
the town of Mantua, and to have called it after Furia gens.
his mother. According to others, Ocnus was a 1. L. FURIUS BIBACULUS, quaestor, fell in the
son or brother of Auletes, the founder of Perusia, battle of Cannae, B. c. 216. (Liv. xxii. 49. )
and emigrated to Gaul, where he built Cesena. 2. L. Furius BIBACULUS, a pious and religious
(Serv. ad Virg. Ed. ix. 60, Aen. x. 198. ) [L. S. ) man, who, when he was praetor, carried, at the
BIA'NOR (Blávwp), a Bithynian, the author of command of his father, the magister of the college
twenty-one epigrams in the Greek Anthology, of the Salii, the ancilia with his six lictors preced-
lired under the emperors Augustus and Tiberius. ing him, although he was exempted from this duty
His epigrams were included by Philip of Thessalo by virtue of his praetorship. (Val. Max. i. 1. $ ;
nica in his collection. (Jacobs, xiii. p. 868; Fabric. Lactant. i. 21. )
Bill. Gracc. iv. p. 467. )
[P. S. ] 3. M. Furius BiBACULU'S. See below.
## p. 487 (#507) ############################################
BIBACULUS.
487
BIBULUS.
i
Onun
berdeen
ܬܪ̈ܘܽ ܠܝܶ
BEL
it. bo:
de
LE]
4. គ
resses
are
BIBACULUS, M. FU'RIUS, who is classed | Tacitus (Ann. iv. 34), that the writings of Biba-
by Quintilian (x. 1. & 96) along with Catullus and culus were stuffed with insults against the first
Horace as one of the most distinguished of the two Caesars—a consideration which will serve to
Roman satiric iambographers, and who is in like explain also the hostility displayed by the favourite
manner ranked by Diomedes, in his chapter on of the Augustan court towards Catullus, whose ta-
iambic verse (p. 482, ed. Putsch. ) with Archilochus lents and taste were as fully and deservedly appre-
and Hipponax, among the Greeks, and with Luci- ciated by his countrymen and contemporaries as
lius, Catullus, and Horice, among the Latins, they have been by modern critics, but whose praises
was born, according to St. Jerome in the Eusebian were little likely to sound pleasing in the ears of
chronicle, at Cremona in the year B. c. 103. From the adopted son and heir of the dictator Julius.
the scanty and unimportant specimens of his works Lastly, by comparing some expressions of the
transmitted to modern times, we are scarcely in a elder Pliny (Praef. H. N. ) with hints dropped by
condition to form any estimate of his powers. A Suetonius (de Illustr. Gr. c. 4) and Macrobius (Su-
single senarian is quoted by Suetonius (de Illustr. turn. ii. 1), there is room for a conjecture, that
Gr. c. 9), containing an allusion to the loss of me- Bibaculus made a collection of celebrated jests and
mory sustained in old age by the famous Orbilius witticisms, and gave the compilation to the world
Pupillus; and the same author (c. 11) has pre- under the title of Lucubrationes.
served two short epigrams in hendecasyllabic mea- We must carefully avoid confounding Furius
bure, not remarkable for good taste or good feeling, Bibaculus with the Furius who was imitated in
in which Bibaculus sneers at the poverty to which several passages of the Aeneid, and from whose
his friend, Valerius Cato (VALERIUS CATO), had Annals, extending to eleven books at least, we
been reduced at the close of life, as contrasted with find some extracts in the Saturnalia. (Macrob. Sa-
the splendour of the villa which that unfortunate turn. vi. l; Compare Merula, ad Enn. Ann. p. xli. )
poet and grammarian had at one period possessed The latter was named in full Aulus Furius Antias.
at Tusculum, but which had been seized by his and to bim L. Lutatius Catulus, colleague of M.
importunate creditors. In addition to these frag- Marius in the consulship of B. c. 102, addressed
ments, a dactylic hexameter is to be found in the an account of the campaign against the Cimbri.
Scholiast on Juvenal (viii. 16), and a scrap consist (Cic. Brut. c. 35. ) To this Furius Antias are at
ing of three words in Charisius (p. 102, ed. Putsch. ). attributed certain lines found in Aulus Gellius
We have good reason, however, to believe that (xviii. 11), and brought under review on account
Bibaculus did not confine his efforts to pieces of a of the affected neoterisms with which they abound.
light or sarcastic tone, but attempted themes of Had we any fair pretext for calling in question
more lofty pretensions. It seems certain that he the authority of the summaries prefixed to the
published a poem on the Gaulish wars, entitled chapters of the Noctes Atticae, we should feel
Pragmatia Belli Gallici, and it is probable that he strongly disposed to follow G. J. Voss, Lambinus,
was the author of another upon some of the legends and Heindorf, in assigning these follies to the am-
connected with the Aethiopian allies of king Priam. bitious Bibaculus rather than to the chaste and
The former is known to us only from an unlucky simple Antias, whom even Virgil did not disdain
metaphor cleverly parodied by Horace, who takes to copy. (Weichert, Poet. Latin. Reliqu. ) (W. R. )
occasion at the same time to ridicule the obese ro- BI'BULUS, a cognomen of the plebeian Cal-
tundity of person which distinguished the com- pumia gens.
poser. (Hor. Serm. ii. 5. 41, and the notes of the 1. L. CALPURNIUS BIBULUS, obtained each of
Scholiast ; comp. Quintil. viii. 6. S 17. ) The ex- the public magistracies in the same year as C.
istence of the latter depends upon our acknowledg- Julius Caesar. He was curule aedile in B. C. 65,
ing that the “turgidus Alpinus” represented in the praetor in 62, and consul in 59.
Caesar was
epistle to Julius Florus (1. 103) as “murdering anxious to obtain L. Lucceius for his colleague in
Memnon, and polluting by his turbid descriptions the consulship; but as Lucceius was a thorough
the fair fountains of the Rhine, is no other than partizan of Caesar's, while Bibulus was opposed to
Bibaculus. The evidence for this rests entirely him, the aristocratica party used every effort to
upon an emendation introduced by Bentley into secure the election of the latter, and contributed
the text of the old commentators on the above large sums of money for this purpose. (Suet. Caes.
passage, but the correction is so simple, and tallies 19. ) Bibulus, accordingly, gained his election, but
so well with the rest of the annotation, and with was able to do but very little for his party. After
the circumstances of the case, that it may be pro- an ineffectual attempt to oppose Caesar's agrarian
nounced almost certain. The whole question is law, he withdrew from the popular assemblies al-
fully and satisfactorily discussed in the disserta- together, and shut himself up in his own house for
tion of Weichert in bis Poet. Latin. Reliqu. p. 331, the remainder of the year; whence it was said in
&c. Should we think it worth our while to joke, that it was the consulship of Julius and Cae-
inquire into the cause of the enmity thus mani- He confined his opposition to publishing
fested by Horace towards a brother poet whose edicts against Caesar's measures : these were
age might have commanded forbearance if not re widely circulated among his party, and greatly ex-
spect,
it
may perhaps be plausibly ascribed tolled as pieces of composition. (Suet. Caes. 9. 49;
indisposition which had been testified on the part Cic. ad Att. ii. 19, 20; Plut. Pomp. 48 ; comp.
of the elder bard to recognise the merits of his Cic. Brut. 77. ) To vitiate Caesar's measures, he
youthful competitor, and possibly to some expres- also pretended, that he was observing the skies,
sion of indignation at the presumptuous freedom while his colleague was engaged in the comitia
with which Lucilius, the idol and model of the old (Cic. pro Dom. 15); but such kind of opposition
school, had been censured in the earlier productions was not likely to have any effect upon Caesar.
of the Venusian. An additional motive may be On the expiration of his consulship, Bibulus re-
found in the fact, which we learn from the well mained at Rome, as no province had been assigned
known oration of Cremutius Cordus as reported by him. Here he continued to oppose the measures
1. 53;
QUES
**ធ ៩
sar.
tend
E]
of
some
in Libe
merede
5 SEXT
. . $$;
## p. 488 (#508) ############################################
488
BIBULUS.
BION.
of Caesar and Pompey, and prevented the latter / nius, because it was known that their father had
in 56 from restoring in person Ptolemy Auletes to been opposed to the expedition of Gabinius, which
Egypt. When, bowever, a coolness began to arise had been undertaken at the instigation of Pompey.
between Caesar and Pompey, Bibulus supported (Caes. B. C. ii. 110; Val. Max. iv. I. $ 15 ; comp.
the latter, and it was upon his proposal, that Cic. ad Att. vi. 5, ad Fam. ii. 17. )
Pompey was elected sole consul in 52, when the 4. L. CALPURNIUS BIBULUS, the youngest son
republic was almost in a state of anarchy through of No. l, was quite a youth at his father's death
the tumults following the death of Clodius. In the (Plut. Brut. 13), after which he lived at Rome
following year, 51, Bibulus obtained a province in with M. Brutus, who married his mother Porcia.
consequence of a law of Pompey's, which provided He went to Athens in B. C. 45 to prosecute his
that no future consul or praetor should have a pro- studies (Cic. ad Att. xii. 32), and appears to have
vince till five years after the expiration of his joined his step-father Brutus after the death of Cae
magistracy. As the magistrates for the time being sar in 44, in consequence of which he was proscribed
were thus excluded, it was provided that all men by the trium virs. He was present at the battle of
of consular or praetorian rank who had not held Philippi in 42, and shortly after surrendered him-
provinces, should now draw lots for the vacant ones. self to Antony, who pardoned him and promoted
In consequence of this measure Bibulus went to him to the command of his fleet, whence we find on
Syria as proconsul about the same time as Cicero soine of the coins of Antony the inscription L.
went to Cilicia. The eastern provinces of the Ro BiBuLUS PRAEF. CLAS. (Eckhel, v. p. 161, vi.
man empire were then in the greatest alarm, as the p. 57. ) He was frequently employed by Antony
Parthians had crossed the Euphrates, but they in the negotiations between himself and Augustus,
were driven back shortly before the arrival of and was finally promoted by the former to the go-
Bibulus by C. Cassius, the proquaestor. Cicero vernment of Syria, where he died shortly before the
was very jealous of this victory which had been battle of Actium. (Appian, B. C. iv. 38, 104, 136,
gained in a neighbouring province, and took good v. 132. ) Bibulus wrote the Memorabilia of his
eare to let his friends know that Bibulus had no step-father, a small work which Plutarch made use
share in it When Bibulus obtained a thanks- of in writing the life of Brutus. (Plut. Brut. 13,
giving of twenty days consequence of the vic- 23. )
tory, Cicero complained bitterly, to his friends, C. BI'BULUS, an aedile mentioned by Tacitus
that Bibulus had made false representations to the (Ann. iii. 52) in the reign of Tiberius, A. D. 22,
senate. Although great fears were entertained, appears to be the same as the L. Publicius Bibulus,
that the invasion would be repeated, the Parthians a plebeian aedile, to whom the senate granted a
did not appear for the next year. Bibulus left the burial-place both for himself and his posterity.
province with the reputation of having administered (Orelli, Inscr. n. 4698. )
its internal affairs with integrity and zeal.
BILIENIS. [BELLIENUS. ]
On his return to the west in 49, Bibulus was BION (Blwv). 1. Of Proconnesus, a contem-
appointed by Pompey commander of his fleet in porary of Pherecydes of Syros, who consequently
the Ionian sea to prevent Caesar from crossing lived about B. c. 560. He is mentioned by Dio-
over into Greece. Caesar, however, contrived to genes Laërtius (iv. 58) as the author of two works
elude his vigilance; and Bibulus fell in with only which he does not specify; but we must infer from
thirty ships returning to Italy after landing Clemens of Alexandria (Strom. vi. p. 267), that one
some troops. Enraged at his disappointment, he of these was an abridgement of the work of the
burnt these ships with their crews. This was in ancient historian, Cadmus of Miletus.
the winter; and his own men suffered much from 2. A mathematician of Abdera, and a pupil of
cold and want of fuel and water, as Caesar was Democritus. He wrote both in the lonic and Attic
now in possession of the eastern coast and pre dialects, and was the first who said that there were
vented his crews from landing. Sickness broke some parts of the earth in which it was night for
out among his men; Bibulus himself fell ill, and six months, while the remaining six months were
died in the beginning of the year 48, near Corcyra, one uninterrupted day. (Diog. Laërt. iv. 58. ) He
before the battle of Dyrrhachium. (Caes. B. C. ii. is probably the same as the one whom Strabo (i.
5-18; Dion Cass. xli. 48; Plut. Brut. 13; Oros. p. 29) calls an astrologer.
yi. 15; Cic. Brut. 77. )
3. Of Soli, is mentioned by Diogenes Laërtius
Bibulus was not a man of much ability, and is (iv. 58) as the author of a work on Aethiopia
chiefly indebted for his celebrity to the fact of his (A1010miká), of which a few fragments are preserved
being one of Caesar's principal, though not most in Pliny (vi. 35), Athenaeus (xiii. p. 566), and in
formidable, opponents. He married Porcia, the Cramer's Anecdota (iii. p. 415). Whether he is
daughter of M. Porcius Cato Uticensis, by whom the same as the one from whom Plutarch (Thes.
he had three sons mentioned below. (Orelli, Ono 26) quotes a tradition respecting the Amazons,
mast. Tull. p. 119, &c. ; Drumann's Gesch. Roms, and from whom Agathias (il. 25; comp. Syncellus,
ii. p. 97, &c. )
p. 676, ed. Dindorf) quotes a statement respecting
2. 3. CALPURNU Bibuli, two sons of the pre- the history of Assyria, is uncertain. Varro (De
ceding, whose praenomens are unknown, were Re Rust. i. 1) mentions Bion of Soli among the
murdered in Egypt, B, C. 50, by the soldiers of writers on agriculture ; and Pliny refers to the
Gabinius. Their father bore his loss with fortitude same or similar works, in the Elenchi to several
though he deeply felt it; and when the murderers books. (Lib. 8, 10, 14, 15, 17, 18. ) Some think
of his children were subsequently delivered up to that Bion of Soli is the same as Caecilius Bion.
him by Cleopatra, he sent them back, saying that (Biox, CAECILIUS. ]
their punishment was not his duty but that of the 4. Of Smyrna, or rather of the small place of
eenate. Bibulus bad probably sent his sons into Phlossa on the river Meles, near Smyrna. " (Suid.
Egypt to solicit aid against the Parthians; and they | s. r. CÓRPITOS. ) All that we know about him is
may have been murdered by the soldiers of Gabi- | the little that can be inferred from the third Idyl
## p. 489 (#509) ############################################
BION.
489
BION.
of Moschus, who laments his untimely death. The that Diogenes by these words meant to describe a
time at which he lived can be pretty accurately poet whose works bore the character of extempore
determined by the fact, that he was older than poetry, of which the inhabitants of Tarsus were
Moschus, who calls himself the pupil of Bion. particularly fond (Strab. xiv. p. 674), and that
(Mosch. ji:. 96, &c. ) His fiourishing period must Bion lived shortly before or at the time of Strabo.
therefore bave very ncarly coincided with that of Suidas (s. v. Aloxúxos) mentions a son of Aeschylus
Theocritus, and must be fixed at about B. C. 280. of the name of Bion who was likewise a tragic
Moschus states, that Bion left his native country poet; but nothing further is known about him.
and spent the last years of his life in Sicily, culti- 6. A melic poet, about whom no particulars are
vating bucolic poetry, the natural growth of that known. (Diog. Laërt. iv. 58; Eudoc. p. 94. )
island. Whether he also visited Macedonia and 7. A Greek sophist, who is said to have censured
Thrace, as Moschus (iii. 17, &c. ) intimates, is un- Homer for not giving a true account of the events
certain, since it may be that Moschus mentions he describes. (Acron, ad Ilorat. Epist. ii. 2. ) He
those countries only because he calls Bion the Do is perhaps the same as one of the two rhetoricians
ric Orpheus. He died of poison, which had been of this name.
administered to him by several persons, who after- 8. The name of two Greek rhetoricians; the one,
wards received their well-deserved punishment for a native of Syracuse, was the author of theoretical
the crime. With respect to the relation of master works on rhetoric (Téxvas ønTopixds yeypapus);
and pupil between Bion and Moschus, we cannot the other, whose native country is unknown, was
say anything with certainty, except that the resem- said to have written a work in nine books,
blance between the productions of the two poets which bore the names of the nine Muses. (Diog.
obliges us to suppose, at least, that Moschus imi- Laërt. iv. 58. )
(L. S. ]
tated Bion; and this may, in fact, be all that is BION (Biwv), a Scythian philosopher, surnamed
meant when Moschus calls himself a disciple of BorystHENITES, from the town of Oczacoria, Ol-
the latter. The subjects of Bion's poetry, viz. bia, or Borysthenes, near the mouth of the Dnieper,
shepherds' and love-songs, are beautifully described lived about B. c. 250, but the exact dates of hịs
by Moschus (iii. 82, &c. ); but we can now form birth and death are uncertain.
