'*
The early Lives of the Irish Apostle, although they mention Conindrus and
Romulus, are quite silent on this subject of St.
The early Lives of the Irish Apostle, although they mention Conindrus and
Romulus, are quite silent on this subject of St.
O'Hanlon - Lives of the Irish Saints - v4
, sect, v.
, p.
502.
Colgan's
"Annals
Aprilisxxiv. Among the pretermitted saints, p. 260.
3 Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
108, 109.
Article xv. — ' Edited Rev. Dr. by
Kelly, p. xxii. The Franciscan copy enters
t)i<! ,t\ni<Mc eap.
' The Bollandists, from the same autho-
rity, call him Diermitius Episcopus. See
p. 392. Article xiv.
Kelly, p. xxii.
tugjut) ppefb. ' See "Acta
—'
The Fr. mciscan copy has
Edited by Rev. Dr.
Sanctorum,"
tomus
iii. ,
i
April 24. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS.
477
known. OneDermodO'TigernachwasArchbishopofArmagh,andhesuc- ceeded Faranan, when the latter abdicated that office in 848. He was regarded as one of the wisest Doctors in Europe. In 850, or 851, the heathen Norsemen laid Armagh waste ; and, this is thought to have weighed heavily on his spirits. It caused him to pine away with grief, and it brought him to a premature grave. 3 He died soon after Easter Sunday, a. d. 852. We find recorded, in the Martyrology of Donegal,^ that Dearmait, Bishop, had venera- tion paid him on this day ; but, we are not able to identify him clearly with that prelate, who ruled the See of Armagh, in the ninth century.
Article XVI. —St. Coip, or Coipp, Virgin, of Cluain Ciochmagh. The general character of a nun's life is that of peaceful seclusion, and a mo- notonous but fervent discharge of religious offices ; nor is there reason to believe, this holy virgin's time was passed in any other exceptional manner. An entry of her own and of herfather's name isfound, in the Martyrology of Tal- lagh," at the 24th of April. By the Bollandists,^sheis called CopiaFilia Car- navi. Thenameofherplace,however,isomitted. ASt. CipiaorCopia,mother of St. Bite, is classed among the holy women, veiled by St. Patrick. He left her,atthechurchofElphin. 3 Colganthinks,thatshemaybeidentifiedwith the present St. Coip. * According to the Martyrology of Donegal,5 veneration was given, on this day, to Coipp, virgin and daughter of Caerndn, of Cluain Ciochmagh.
Article XVII. —Reputed Festival for Isaac. In the Franciscan
copy, we do not meet with such a name, as heads this Article, at the 24th of
April ; but, a saint, called Isaac, is found entered in the published Martyr-
ology of Tallagh,' without any further description, at this day. Nor can we find, elsewhere, any warrant for his festival.
Article XVIII. —Festival of the Three Innocent Children, in a Furnace,andthePassionofSt. George. IntheearlyIrishChurch,the aforenamed Feasts were observed, as we find recorded, in the Feiiire of St. . ^ngus,' at this date. The three innocent children were Sedrech, Misac, and Abdinego, as called by the Chaldeans; but, Ananias, Acarias, and Misahel, as named by the Hebrews. ' Those children were cast into a furnace of fire aflame, by Nebuchadnezzar ;3 but, nevertheless God the Father freed and
"Acta Sanctorum," tomus iii. , Aprilis xxiv. Among the pretermitted festivals, p. 260.
3 See Harris' Ware, vol i. , "Archbishops of Armagh, "p. 45.
* Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
Article xvii. —' Edited by Rev. Dr.
Kelly, p. xxii. — ' Article xviii.
108, 109. —= Article xvi.
m&c
Edited by Rev. Dr. Kelly, p. xxii. The Franciscan entry is
netroac
Coip 1 e. CAi\Tiain.
'See "Acta Sanctonim," tomus iiL,
Aprilisxxiv. Amongthepretermittedsaints, p. 260.
buait) narpi <JnTipn j-ocViIa T)itie
pair 5i"P5i SP''*" buA'OA Co xxxaic mop mile.
Thus translated by Dr. Whitley Stokes :— ' See also what is said, at the notices of " The victory of the three innocent children, St. Coppa, or Cobba, at the l8th of in a furnace, a famous number. (The)
January.
•See "Trias Thaumaturga," Septima
VitaS. Patricii, lib. ii. , cap. xxxix. , p. 134, and n. 78, p. 176. Also Quinta Appendix ad Acta S. Patricii, cap. xxiii. , p. 270.
' Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp. 108, 109.
passion of George, a sun of victory, with thirty great thousands. "
*
Such is the account, as furnished by the Glossograplier to the " Leabhar Breac' ver- sion, and he adds :—Aguj- xxx. vn. aguf
occxxix. incriAbcu-ooti ono. This is trans-
lated, by Dr. Whitley Stokes :
" Breac—" copy, the following stanza is met
with
:
In the
Leabhar
"
and 30, 729
478 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [April 25.
rescued them, so that the fire hurt them not. '* These are also entered, in the
FranciscancopyoftheMartyrologyofTallagh,5atthe24thofApril; asalso, in several ancient Kalendars and Manuscript Martyrologies,* at this same date. 7 In reference to St. George's thirty great thousands, these are stated' to have been the number of those martyrs he brought toChrist. 9 The BoUandists have notices, at this date, of George, of Maurice, and of Tiberius, belonging to the Theban Legion, who shed their blood, rather than deny their faith, in time of the Emperor Maximian, and at Pinerolium, in Piedmont, Italy. '" In a Greek Manuscript Synaxarium, and in other ancient authorities, at this samedateisafeastofSt. George,aMartyr. " Itseemsprobable,thatSt. George of the Theban Legion, with his companions in victorious death, was the subject for veneration, in our early Irish church.
Cluentp. -fiftf) Bap ot 9[pril.
ARTICLE I. —ST. MAGUIL, OR MACHALDUS, PATRON AND BISHOP, IN THE ISLE OF MAN.
[FIFTH CMNTURY. -[
equidistant from England, Ireland and Scotland, about thirty
NEARLY
miles in and twelve in
where lies the Isle broadest,
breadth,
of Man,' where a form of the Gaelic language is still in use. = The isolated
kingdom of the Manx, small though it may be, has an interesting religious, social and national history. 3 To our own great Apostle, St. Patrick, some
with Nebuchadnezzar moreover. " " Thus recorded : S. Georgii Megalo- 3 This history is related, in the Book of Martyris Dedicatio Ecclesia: Cyparissi. See,
—
tion of it is given, on Collin's "Large Map
of the Isle of Man," published during the last century, in royal folio size. It contains a view of Peel Castle. A still earlier Map of "the Isle, in royal folio size, bears the imprint of 1595, and of l6ioj this is known as T. Durham's " Isle of Man, ex- actly described, and into several Parished divided, with every Towne, Village, Baye and River thereincontayned. " There is an in- teresting description of this Island, on the back, with a Chronicle of the Kings of Man.
''See "The Popular Encyclopedia; or Conversations Lexicon," vol. iv. , p. 655.
^ gee an interesting work on this subject,
"
Antiquities of the Isle of Man, Manners and Customs of the inhabi- tants, Tales of the Friaries, Abbeysand other
Religious Establishments," in two 8vo vo- lumes.
* See in vol. iii. of this work, the " Life of
length,
Daniel, chap. iii.
* See ibui. 260.
s And at p. 359, in the published version, ARTICLE contained in "The Book of Leinster,"
I.
'Avery excellentrepresenta-
edited by Robert Atkinson, M. A. , LL. D. , &c.
' Such as the Hieronymian, Raban, Ussurd, and Notker. See the BoUandists' "Acta Sanctorum," tomus iii. , Aprilis
xxiv. Among the pretermitted feasts, p. 261.
' However, the Roman Martyrology, Ado's and some other Martyrologies, have this festival, at the i6th of December. See ibid.
^ According to the Commentator on St. /Engus, in the " Leabhar Breac " version of the Feilire.
9 In the Franciscan copy of the Tallagh
Martyrology we read at this date : pAfj-io 5eop5ii cum xxx'oxjccbxxix.
"• See "Acta Sanctorum,," tomus iii. , Aprilis xxiv. De Sanctis Martyribus The- bais, Mauritio, Georgio et Tiberio, Pinarolii in Pedemontio, p. 266.
R. Townley's
among the pretermitted saints, ibid. , p.
April 25. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 479
writers have ascribed the first Christian fruits there gathered,* among the aboriginal inhabitants-^ We are further informed, that being regarded as first
founder of and
missionary
* of the Manx Church,? St. Patrick left Germanus,*
in 447, to rule as bishop over the people he converted, in the Isle of Man. 9
He is to have been one of St. Patrick's own '° He settled the
said, disciples.
matter of religion so firmly in this Island, that it was said, the people never after-
wards relapsed into paganism. He is stated to have died, during the lifetime of
St. Patrick. " ThecathedralchurchofManwasdedicate—d,however,toaSt.
Germanus. It is said, St. Patrick afterwards consecrated it some think Conin-
drus and others Romulus ;" while Jocelyn make them contemporaries, and
living together on the Isle of Man, having been placed there, by the Irish
Apostle,afterthedeathofGermanus. Theiraccessiontotheepiscopatehas
been assigned, to a. d. 474. '' However, this chronology has been contested ;'
for, many writers believe St. Patrick to have died, before the period named.
'*
The early Lives of the Irish Apostle, although they mention Conindrus and
Romulus, are quite silent on this subject of St. Patrick having preached there.
They give us no hint, about the propagation of Christianity in Man, except on the occasion of Maccaldus' voyage thither. The Manx very generally give
the name of Maughold to him, whom they regard as a special Patron. He is also called Machella and Manchold. '*
The chief accounts remaining, to illustrate the Acts of St. Machaldus, are to be found in some of St. Patrick's Lives, and especially in those of the Tri- partite ' and of Jocelyn. '* By Probus,"' he is called Macfail, and Maguil
St. Patrick," at the 17th of March, the date for his festival, chap, vi. , xxii.
5 on his from Jocelyn pretends, returning
Germanus to have been St. Patrick's disci- ple, as also a Bishop in the Isle of Man. See " Britannicarum Ecclesiarum "
an excursion to Great Britain, that St. Patrick pp. 643 to 842.
undertook the conversion of those " See Rev. inhabiting J.
various small islands, particularly Eubonia or Mannia.
'
The Tripartite Life throws out a hint, that the mission of St. Patrick had some in- 6uence on the Gospel prc^ess within that island. Thb exhibits Man as having be- come famous, after the arrival of St. Patrick, by serving as a retreat for monks.
' In Richard Gough's Camden's " Britan- nia," vol. iii. , it is said, St. Patrick converted the Isle of Man to the Christian faith, about 440, when the bishopric was first erected. See p. 701.
Cumming's Man," Appendix P, p. 342.
•
His (east is referred to the yd of July,
by Colgan, in " Trias Thaumaturga," Sexia Vita S. Particii, n. 103, p. 113.
' Germanus is not spoken of, however, in
any of St. Patrick's Lives, except in that Life
by Jocelin. Neither is he mentioned in the
Chronicle of Man. He is thought to have
been a fictitious personage, introduced in con-
sequence of the cathedral of Man being dedi-
cated to a . St. German, who was no other
than the great St. German of Auxerre. He,
too, was highly revered by the ancient Irish.
'See Keith's " of Catalogue
Ussher had seen into the mistake of
sending
Scottish
one Germanus from Rome with St. Patrick.
See Wood's " Account of the Isle of Man,"
chap, vil
Bishops," p. 298, Russell's edition.
'' See Colgan's "Trias Thaumaturga," Septima Vita S. Patricii, lib. iii. , cap. Ix. , Ixi. , pp. l6o, 161, and n. 87 to 91, p.
185.
" See SexUVitaS. Patricii, cap. cli. , dii.
""
beenaCanonoftheLateranChurch. Ussher, depending on Jocclyn's statement, admits
Some have incorrectly stated, thathe had
" Isle of
" The Tripartite Life of St. Patrick states, that the bishops Conderius and Romailus were persons, who disseminated and propa- ^ted the faith and doctrine of Christ, in that island.
3 See Ussher's "Index Chronologicus," at A. D. , CCCCLXXIV.
'* According to the Tripartite Life, those two bishops were in Man, before the founda- tion of the See of Armagh. Wherefore, if they lived there, it must have been prior to A. D. 455, as Rev. Dr. Lanigan computes the period.
'5 The Rev. Dr. Lanigan concludes, that there is no sufficient foundation for the state-
ment of St. Patrick having preached in Man ; that its first bishop was not the pretended Germanus ; and that, although it may not be improbable, that Conindrus and Romulus had received their appointment from St. Patrick, we have no decisive testimony on that subject. See " Ecclesiastical History of Ireland," vol. i. , chap, vi. , n. 118, pp. 305 to 307.
G.
Antiquitates,
48o LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [April 25.
is another appellation given to him. The Third Life of St. Patrick has a brief account regarding him, under the latter name. ^° In the Fourth Life, he is called Ciclops,andafterwardsDemana. "' ThefestivalofSt. Magil,Maccaldus,or Maccalleus, has been assigned to the 25th of April, by Colgan,'^^ who strangely- enough confounds Maccaleus with Maccaldus, in one passage,'3 while else- where he makes a distinction between them. ^* It was Colgan's intention to have published a Life of St. Machaldus, at the JSth of April. ^s The Bollan- dists have the accounts of St. Machald, chiefly drawn from the Tripartite Life of St. Patrick, and from Jocelyn, when recording his Acts, at this date. '* It is generally assumed, that the present saint may not be confounded with St. Machaille, who gave the veil to St. Brigid. The names are similar, how- ever, and the festivals appear to refer, as supposed, to this same day. The
Rev. Alban Butler registers St. Macull, or Maughold, confessor, at the 25th of April, =' and whose name is Latinized, as he supposes, Macallius. At the 25th of April, there is an account of St. Machalus, who had then a festival. ^' We may consider him, as not distinct from St. Machaldus. In his Life of St. Patrick,
Jocelyn has an interesting but a very legendary account of St. Machaldus -p and, this seems to have been drawn, in a great measure, from an earlier nar- rative, to be found in the Irish Tripartite Life of our great Apostle. From this we mny glean, that Machaldus belonged to the northern parts of Ireland ;3° and, the particular district was Mag-inis, in Lecale. s' We are obliged to fol- low the legendary narrative of his acts, without any possibility of correcting what may be supposed the fiibulous portion. In one of St. Patrick's Lives, he is called Ciclops ;3' and, it is said, that he lurked in a rough and mountainous part of the country, as also, that he was a wicked and cruel tyrant, who killed men and took spoils from them. 33 It is—stated, likewise, that hi—mself and
34
his impious companions had a Diberch some diabolic sign on their
heads. 35
While travelling into IJlydia, we aretold St. Patrickfound one Magiul, a hea-
then, also called Machaldus. He was eminent in wickedness, and notorious for
hiscruelt}'. Aslikealwaysaccordswithlike,hegatheredtohimnosmallcom-
pany, well practised in theft, in rapine, and in blood. It happened, on a time, that the blessed Patrick was journeying with his people through that place,
pp. 98, 99, and nn. 156 to 159, pp. 115, 116.
'' See Quinta Vita S. Patricii, lib. ii. , cap. ix. , X. , xi. , pp. 52, 53, and nn. 6, 7, 8, p. 63.
'" See Tertia Vita S. Patricii, cap. Ixxiii. , p. 27, and nn. 71, 72, p. 34.
" See Quarta Vita S. Patricii, cap. Ixxxi. , Ixxxii. , pp. 45, 46, and nn. 60 to 65, p. 50.
"See "Trias Thaumaturga," pp. 265, 266.
"3 See "Acta Sanctorum Hiberniae," xiii.
are distinct, in the Irisli language. Seethe Life of St. Brigid, at the 1st of February, chap. iii. , andnotes82,83.
°5 See " Trias Th. iumaturga," Tertia Vita
S. Patricii,n. 77. p. 34.
"' See "Acta Sanctorum," toraus iii. ,
xxv. Aprilis. De Sanctis Episcopis Hibernis Macalleo in Cruacliadia, et Machaldo in In- sula Mona, pp. 366 to 368.
=? See " Lives of the Fathers, Martyrs and other principal Saints," vol. iv. , Aprilis xxv.
°* "
See Bishop Forbes' Kalendars of
Scottish Saints," p. 380.
"See " Trias Th. iumaturga," Sexta Vita
S. Patricii, cap. cli. , clii. , pp. 98, 99. — 3° He lived " in regionibus Vliorum. "
Quarta Vita S. Patricii, cap. Ixxxi. , p. 45.
De S. Connano, n.
^2 He was called so,
from a
=• As elsewhere mentioned, both names posed resemblance to Polyphemus, cele-
Januarii.
7, p.
60.
probably
sup-
"
^i See ibid. Sepiima Vita S. Patricii, lib.
iii. , cap. Ix. , p.
Colgan's
"Annals
Aprilisxxiv. Among the pretermitted saints, p. 260.
3 Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
108, 109.
Article xv. — ' Edited Rev. Dr. by
Kelly, p. xxii. The Franciscan copy enters
t)i<! ,t\ni<Mc eap.
' The Bollandists, from the same autho-
rity, call him Diermitius Episcopus. See
p. 392. Article xiv.
Kelly, p. xxii.
tugjut) ppefb. ' See "Acta
—'
The Fr. mciscan copy has
Edited by Rev. Dr.
Sanctorum,"
tomus
iii. ,
i
April 24. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS.
477
known. OneDermodO'TigernachwasArchbishopofArmagh,andhesuc- ceeded Faranan, when the latter abdicated that office in 848. He was regarded as one of the wisest Doctors in Europe. In 850, or 851, the heathen Norsemen laid Armagh waste ; and, this is thought to have weighed heavily on his spirits. It caused him to pine away with grief, and it brought him to a premature grave. 3 He died soon after Easter Sunday, a. d. 852. We find recorded, in the Martyrology of Donegal,^ that Dearmait, Bishop, had venera- tion paid him on this day ; but, we are not able to identify him clearly with that prelate, who ruled the See of Armagh, in the ninth century.
Article XVI. —St. Coip, or Coipp, Virgin, of Cluain Ciochmagh. The general character of a nun's life is that of peaceful seclusion, and a mo- notonous but fervent discharge of religious offices ; nor is there reason to believe, this holy virgin's time was passed in any other exceptional manner. An entry of her own and of herfather's name isfound, in the Martyrology of Tal- lagh," at the 24th of April. By the Bollandists,^sheis called CopiaFilia Car- navi. Thenameofherplace,however,isomitted. ASt. CipiaorCopia,mother of St. Bite, is classed among the holy women, veiled by St. Patrick. He left her,atthechurchofElphin. 3 Colganthinks,thatshemaybeidentifiedwith the present St. Coip. * According to the Martyrology of Donegal,5 veneration was given, on this day, to Coipp, virgin and daughter of Caerndn, of Cluain Ciochmagh.
Article XVII. —Reputed Festival for Isaac. In the Franciscan
copy, we do not meet with such a name, as heads this Article, at the 24th of
April ; but, a saint, called Isaac, is found entered in the published Martyr-
ology of Tallagh,' without any further description, at this day. Nor can we find, elsewhere, any warrant for his festival.
Article XVIII. —Festival of the Three Innocent Children, in a Furnace,andthePassionofSt. George. IntheearlyIrishChurch,the aforenamed Feasts were observed, as we find recorded, in the Feiiire of St. . ^ngus,' at this date. The three innocent children were Sedrech, Misac, and Abdinego, as called by the Chaldeans; but, Ananias, Acarias, and Misahel, as named by the Hebrews. ' Those children were cast into a furnace of fire aflame, by Nebuchadnezzar ;3 but, nevertheless God the Father freed and
"Acta Sanctorum," tomus iii. , Aprilis xxiv. Among the pretermitted festivals, p. 260.
3 See Harris' Ware, vol i. , "Archbishops of Armagh, "p. 45.
* Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
Article xvii. —' Edited by Rev. Dr.
Kelly, p. xxii. — ' Article xviii.
108, 109. —= Article xvi.
m&c
Edited by Rev. Dr. Kelly, p. xxii. The Franciscan entry is
netroac
Coip 1 e. CAi\Tiain.
'See "Acta Sanctonim," tomus iiL,
Aprilisxxiv. Amongthepretermittedsaints, p. 260.
buait) narpi <JnTipn j-ocViIa T)itie
pair 5i"P5i SP''*" buA'OA Co xxxaic mop mile.
Thus translated by Dr. Whitley Stokes :— ' See also what is said, at the notices of " The victory of the three innocent children, St. Coppa, or Cobba, at the l8th of in a furnace, a famous number. (The)
January.
•See "Trias Thaumaturga," Septima
VitaS. Patricii, lib. ii. , cap. xxxix. , p. 134, and n. 78, p. 176. Also Quinta Appendix ad Acta S. Patricii, cap. xxiii. , p. 270.
' Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp. 108, 109.
passion of George, a sun of victory, with thirty great thousands. "
*
Such is the account, as furnished by the Glossograplier to the " Leabhar Breac' ver- sion, and he adds :—Aguj- xxx. vn. aguf
occxxix. incriAbcu-ooti ono. This is trans-
lated, by Dr. Whitley Stokes :
" Breac—" copy, the following stanza is met
with
:
In the
Leabhar
"
and 30, 729
478 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [April 25.
rescued them, so that the fire hurt them not. '* These are also entered, in the
FranciscancopyoftheMartyrologyofTallagh,5atthe24thofApril; asalso, in several ancient Kalendars and Manuscript Martyrologies,* at this same date. 7 In reference to St. George's thirty great thousands, these are stated' to have been the number of those martyrs he brought toChrist. 9 The BoUandists have notices, at this date, of George, of Maurice, and of Tiberius, belonging to the Theban Legion, who shed their blood, rather than deny their faith, in time of the Emperor Maximian, and at Pinerolium, in Piedmont, Italy. '" In a Greek Manuscript Synaxarium, and in other ancient authorities, at this samedateisafeastofSt. George,aMartyr. " Itseemsprobable,thatSt. George of the Theban Legion, with his companions in victorious death, was the subject for veneration, in our early Irish church.
Cluentp. -fiftf) Bap ot 9[pril.
ARTICLE I. —ST. MAGUIL, OR MACHALDUS, PATRON AND BISHOP, IN THE ISLE OF MAN.
[FIFTH CMNTURY. -[
equidistant from England, Ireland and Scotland, about thirty
NEARLY
miles in and twelve in
where lies the Isle broadest,
breadth,
of Man,' where a form of the Gaelic language is still in use. = The isolated
kingdom of the Manx, small though it may be, has an interesting religious, social and national history. 3 To our own great Apostle, St. Patrick, some
with Nebuchadnezzar moreover. " " Thus recorded : S. Georgii Megalo- 3 This history is related, in the Book of Martyris Dedicatio Ecclesia: Cyparissi. See,
—
tion of it is given, on Collin's "Large Map
of the Isle of Man," published during the last century, in royal folio size. It contains a view of Peel Castle. A still earlier Map of "the Isle, in royal folio size, bears the imprint of 1595, and of l6ioj this is known as T. Durham's " Isle of Man, ex- actly described, and into several Parished divided, with every Towne, Village, Baye and River thereincontayned. " There is an in- teresting description of this Island, on the back, with a Chronicle of the Kings of Man.
''See "The Popular Encyclopedia; or Conversations Lexicon," vol. iv. , p. 655.
^ gee an interesting work on this subject,
"
Antiquities of the Isle of Man, Manners and Customs of the inhabi- tants, Tales of the Friaries, Abbeysand other
Religious Establishments," in two 8vo vo- lumes.
* See in vol. iii. of this work, the " Life of
length,
Daniel, chap. iii.
* See ibui. 260.
s And at p. 359, in the published version, ARTICLE contained in "The Book of Leinster,"
I.
'Avery excellentrepresenta-
edited by Robert Atkinson, M. A. , LL. D. , &c.
' Such as the Hieronymian, Raban, Ussurd, and Notker. See the BoUandists' "Acta Sanctorum," tomus iii. , Aprilis
xxiv. Among the pretermitted feasts, p. 261.
' However, the Roman Martyrology, Ado's and some other Martyrologies, have this festival, at the i6th of December. See ibid.
^ According to the Commentator on St. /Engus, in the " Leabhar Breac " version of the Feilire.
9 In the Franciscan copy of the Tallagh
Martyrology we read at this date : pAfj-io 5eop5ii cum xxx'oxjccbxxix.
"• See "Acta Sanctorum,," tomus iii. , Aprilis xxiv. De Sanctis Martyribus The- bais, Mauritio, Georgio et Tiberio, Pinarolii in Pedemontio, p. 266.
R. Townley's
among the pretermitted saints, ibid. , p.
April 25. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 479
writers have ascribed the first Christian fruits there gathered,* among the aboriginal inhabitants-^ We are further informed, that being regarded as first
founder of and
missionary
* of the Manx Church,? St. Patrick left Germanus,*
in 447, to rule as bishop over the people he converted, in the Isle of Man. 9
He is to have been one of St. Patrick's own '° He settled the
said, disciples.
matter of religion so firmly in this Island, that it was said, the people never after-
wards relapsed into paganism. He is stated to have died, during the lifetime of
St. Patrick. " ThecathedralchurchofManwasdedicate—d,however,toaSt.
Germanus. It is said, St. Patrick afterwards consecrated it some think Conin-
drus and others Romulus ;" while Jocelyn make them contemporaries, and
living together on the Isle of Man, having been placed there, by the Irish
Apostle,afterthedeathofGermanus. Theiraccessiontotheepiscopatehas
been assigned, to a. d. 474. '' However, this chronology has been contested ;'
for, many writers believe St. Patrick to have died, before the period named.
'*
The early Lives of the Irish Apostle, although they mention Conindrus and
Romulus, are quite silent on this subject of St. Patrick having preached there.
They give us no hint, about the propagation of Christianity in Man, except on the occasion of Maccaldus' voyage thither. The Manx very generally give
the name of Maughold to him, whom they regard as a special Patron. He is also called Machella and Manchold. '*
The chief accounts remaining, to illustrate the Acts of St. Machaldus, are to be found in some of St. Patrick's Lives, and especially in those of the Tri- partite ' and of Jocelyn. '* By Probus,"' he is called Macfail, and Maguil
St. Patrick," at the 17th of March, the date for his festival, chap, vi. , xxii.
5 on his from Jocelyn pretends, returning
Germanus to have been St. Patrick's disci- ple, as also a Bishop in the Isle of Man. See " Britannicarum Ecclesiarum "
an excursion to Great Britain, that St. Patrick pp. 643 to 842.
undertook the conversion of those " See Rev. inhabiting J.
various small islands, particularly Eubonia or Mannia.
'
The Tripartite Life throws out a hint, that the mission of St. Patrick had some in- 6uence on the Gospel prc^ess within that island. Thb exhibits Man as having be- come famous, after the arrival of St. Patrick, by serving as a retreat for monks.
' In Richard Gough's Camden's " Britan- nia," vol. iii. , it is said, St. Patrick converted the Isle of Man to the Christian faith, about 440, when the bishopric was first erected. See p. 701.
Cumming's Man," Appendix P, p. 342.
•
His (east is referred to the yd of July,
by Colgan, in " Trias Thaumaturga," Sexia Vita S. Particii, n. 103, p. 113.
' Germanus is not spoken of, however, in
any of St. Patrick's Lives, except in that Life
by Jocelin. Neither is he mentioned in the
Chronicle of Man. He is thought to have
been a fictitious personage, introduced in con-
sequence of the cathedral of Man being dedi-
cated to a . St. German, who was no other
than the great St. German of Auxerre. He,
too, was highly revered by the ancient Irish.
'See Keith's " of Catalogue
Ussher had seen into the mistake of
sending
Scottish
one Germanus from Rome with St. Patrick.
See Wood's " Account of the Isle of Man,"
chap, vil
Bishops," p. 298, Russell's edition.
'' See Colgan's "Trias Thaumaturga," Septima Vita S. Patricii, lib. iii. , cap. Ix. , Ixi. , pp. l6o, 161, and n. 87 to 91, p.
185.
" See SexUVitaS. Patricii, cap. cli. , dii.
""
beenaCanonoftheLateranChurch. Ussher, depending on Jocclyn's statement, admits
Some have incorrectly stated, thathe had
" Isle of
" The Tripartite Life of St. Patrick states, that the bishops Conderius and Romailus were persons, who disseminated and propa- ^ted the faith and doctrine of Christ, in that island.
3 See Ussher's "Index Chronologicus," at A. D. , CCCCLXXIV.
'* According to the Tripartite Life, those two bishops were in Man, before the founda- tion of the See of Armagh. Wherefore, if they lived there, it must have been prior to A. D. 455, as Rev. Dr. Lanigan computes the period.
'5 The Rev. Dr. Lanigan concludes, that there is no sufficient foundation for the state-
ment of St. Patrick having preached in Man ; that its first bishop was not the pretended Germanus ; and that, although it may not be improbable, that Conindrus and Romulus had received their appointment from St. Patrick, we have no decisive testimony on that subject. See " Ecclesiastical History of Ireland," vol. i. , chap, vi. , n. 118, pp. 305 to 307.
G.
Antiquitates,
48o LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [April 25.
is another appellation given to him. The Third Life of St. Patrick has a brief account regarding him, under the latter name. ^° In the Fourth Life, he is called Ciclops,andafterwardsDemana. "' ThefestivalofSt. Magil,Maccaldus,or Maccalleus, has been assigned to the 25th of April, by Colgan,'^^ who strangely- enough confounds Maccaleus with Maccaldus, in one passage,'3 while else- where he makes a distinction between them. ^* It was Colgan's intention to have published a Life of St. Machaldus, at the JSth of April. ^s The Bollan- dists have the accounts of St. Machald, chiefly drawn from the Tripartite Life of St. Patrick, and from Jocelyn, when recording his Acts, at this date. '* It is generally assumed, that the present saint may not be confounded with St. Machaille, who gave the veil to St. Brigid. The names are similar, how- ever, and the festivals appear to refer, as supposed, to this same day. The
Rev. Alban Butler registers St. Macull, or Maughold, confessor, at the 25th of April, =' and whose name is Latinized, as he supposes, Macallius. At the 25th of April, there is an account of St. Machalus, who had then a festival. ^' We may consider him, as not distinct from St. Machaldus. In his Life of St. Patrick,
Jocelyn has an interesting but a very legendary account of St. Machaldus -p and, this seems to have been drawn, in a great measure, from an earlier nar- rative, to be found in the Irish Tripartite Life of our great Apostle. From this we mny glean, that Machaldus belonged to the northern parts of Ireland ;3° and, the particular district was Mag-inis, in Lecale. s' We are obliged to fol- low the legendary narrative of his acts, without any possibility of correcting what may be supposed the fiibulous portion. In one of St. Patrick's Lives, he is called Ciclops ;3' and, it is said, that he lurked in a rough and mountainous part of the country, as also, that he was a wicked and cruel tyrant, who killed men and took spoils from them. 33 It is—stated, likewise, that hi—mself and
34
his impious companions had a Diberch some diabolic sign on their
heads. 35
While travelling into IJlydia, we aretold St. Patrickfound one Magiul, a hea-
then, also called Machaldus. He was eminent in wickedness, and notorious for
hiscruelt}'. Aslikealwaysaccordswithlike,hegatheredtohimnosmallcom-
pany, well practised in theft, in rapine, and in blood. It happened, on a time, that the blessed Patrick was journeying with his people through that place,
pp. 98, 99, and nn. 156 to 159, pp. 115, 116.
'' See Quinta Vita S. Patricii, lib. ii. , cap. ix. , X. , xi. , pp. 52, 53, and nn. 6, 7, 8, p. 63.
'" See Tertia Vita S. Patricii, cap. Ixxiii. , p. 27, and nn. 71, 72, p. 34.
" See Quarta Vita S. Patricii, cap. Ixxxi. , Ixxxii. , pp. 45, 46, and nn. 60 to 65, p. 50.
"See "Trias Thaumaturga," pp. 265, 266.
"3 See "Acta Sanctorum Hiberniae," xiii.
are distinct, in the Irisli language. Seethe Life of St. Brigid, at the 1st of February, chap. iii. , andnotes82,83.
°5 See " Trias Th. iumaturga," Tertia Vita
S. Patricii,n. 77. p. 34.
"' See "Acta Sanctorum," toraus iii. ,
xxv. Aprilis. De Sanctis Episcopis Hibernis Macalleo in Cruacliadia, et Machaldo in In- sula Mona, pp. 366 to 368.
=? See " Lives of the Fathers, Martyrs and other principal Saints," vol. iv. , Aprilis xxv.
°* "
See Bishop Forbes' Kalendars of
Scottish Saints," p. 380.
"See " Trias Th. iumaturga," Sexta Vita
S. Patricii, cap. cli. , clii. , pp. 98, 99. — 3° He lived " in regionibus Vliorum. "
Quarta Vita S. Patricii, cap. Ixxxi. , p. 45.
De S. Connano, n.
^2 He was called so,
from a
=• As elsewhere mentioned, both names posed resemblance to Polyphemus, cele-
Januarii.
7, p.
60.
probably
sup-
"
^i See ibid. Sepiima Vita S. Patricii, lib.
iii. , cap. Ix. , p.
