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author of the Homeric hymn to Apollo. He is (Liv. iv. 16, 17; Diod. xii. 38. ) In 425 he was
said to have lived about the 69th Olympiad (B. C. à second time elected consular tribune (Liv. iv.
504), and to have been the first rhapsodist of the 35; Diod. xii. 81), and, according to Livy (iv. 44),
Homeric poems at Syracuse. (Schol. ad Pind. a third time in 420.
Nem. ii. 1. ) This date, however, is inuch too low, 3. T. QUINCTIUS L. f. L. N. CINCINNATUS Pen-
as the Sicilians were acquainted with the Homeric NUS, son of L. Cincinnatus, and son-in-law of A.
poems long before. Welcker (Epischer Cyclus, p. | Postumius Tubertus, was consul in B. C. 43). In
243) therefore proposes to read kata Thy & KTNUM this year the Aequians and Volscians renewed
Triv'évvátnu 'oi, instead of katd trivéENKOOTTIV their attacks, and encamped on mount Algidus.
évvátnu 'On. , and places him about B. c. 750. The danger was so pressing, that it was resolved
Cinaethus is charged by Eustathius (ad N. i. p. 16, to appoint a dictator. The opposition of the con-
ed. Polit. ) with having interpolated the Homeric suls was overruled ; and Cincinnatus, to whose lot
poems (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. i. p. 508. )
it fell to do so, named as dictator his father-in-law.
CI'NCIA GENS, plebeian, of small importance. Cincinnatus and Postumius then led separate ar-
None of its members ever obtained the consulship: mies against the enemy, who sustained a severe
the first Cincius who gained any of the higher defeat. (Liv. iv. 26-29. ) Cincinnatus was again
offices of the state was L. Cincius Alimentus, consul in 428 (Liv. iv. 30; Diod. xii. 75) and
praetor in B. c. 209. The only cognomen of this consular tribune in 426. (liv. iv. 31; Diod. xii.
gens is ALIMENTUS : those who occur without a 80. ) With two of his colleagues he command-
surname are given under CINCIUS.
ed against the Veientians, but sustained a de-
CINCINNATUS, the name of a patrician feat, on which Aemilius Mamercus was appoint-
family of the Quinctia gens. Some of the Quinctii, dictator. In the capacity of legatus he aided
mentioned without a surname, probably belonged the dictator in the victory which he gained over
to this family
the Veientians and Fidenatians. Having been
1. L. QUINCTIUS L. P. L. N. CINCINNATUS, subsequently brought to trial for his ill-conduct
plays a conspicuous part in the civil and military against the Veientians, he was acquitted on the
transactions of the period in which he lived. He ground of his services under the dictators, Postu-
particularly distinguished himself as a violent oppo- mius and Aemilius. (Liv. iv. 41. )


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CINEAS.
753
CINESTAS.
4. Q. QUINCTIUS L. F. L. N. CINCINNATUS, | interest in the art of war, as to epitomise the
consnlar tribune in B. C. 415, and again in 405. Tactica of Aencas (Aelian, Tact. 1); and this,
(Liv. iv. 49, 61; Diod. xiii. 34, xiv. 17. )
no doubt, is the work to which Ciccro refers when
5. T. QUINCTIUS CINCINNATUS CAPITOLINUS, he speaks of Cineas' books de re militari (ad Fam.
consular tribune in B. c. 388, and again in 384. ix. 25). Dr. Arnold says Plutarch mentions his
In 380, in the war with the Pracnestines, he was commentaries, but it does not appear to what he
appointed dictator, gained a decisive victory over refers. The historical writer referred to by Strabo
them on the banks of the Alia, and in nine days (vii. fin. p. 329) may be the same person.
captured nine towns. (Liv. vi. 4, 18, 28, 29; The most famous passage in his life is his
Diod. xv, 23, 36; Eutrop. ii. 2; Festus, s. r. embassy to Rome, with proposals for peace from
Triens. )
Pyrrhus, after the battle of Heraclea (B. C. 280).
6. L. QUINCTIUS CINCINNATUS, consular tri- Cineas spared no arts to gain favour. Thanks to
bunc in B. C. 386, again in 305, and a third time in his wonderful memory, on the day after his arrival
377, when, with his colleague Ser. Sulpicius, he he was able (we are told) to address all the senators
raised the siege of Tusculum, of which the Latins and knights by name (Plin. H. N. vii. 24); and
had nearly made themselves masters. (Liv. vi. 6, in after times stories were current that he sought
32, 33; Diod. xv. 25, 28, 61. )
to gain them over by offering presents to them and
7. C. Quinctius CINCINNATUS, consular tribune their wives, which, however, were disdainfully re-
in B. C. 377. (Liv. vi. 32. )
jected. (Plut. Pyrrh. 18; Diod. Exc. Vatic. xxii. ;
8. Q. QUINCTIUS CINCINNATUS, consular tribune Liv. xxxiv. 4. ) The terms he had to offer were
in B. C. 369. (Liv. vi. 36. )
hard, viz. that all the Greeks in Italy should be
9. T. QUINCTIUS CINCINNATUS CAPITOLINUS, left free, and that the Italian nations from Samnium
consular tribune in B. C. 368, and in the following downwards should receive back all they had for-
year master of the horse to the dictator M. Furius feited to Rome. (Appian, Samn. Fragm. x. ) Yet
Camillus, when the Licinian_laws were carried. such was the need, and such the persuasiveness
Livy calls him T. Quinctius Pennus, and as we of Cineas, that the senate would probably have
have the surnames Cincinnatus Capitolinus in the yielded, if the scale had not been turned by the
Capitoline Fasti, his full name may have been dying eloquence of old Appius Caecus. (CLAU-
T. Quinctius Pennus Cincinnatus Capitolinus. DIUS, No. 10. ] The ambassador returned and
(Liv. vi. 38, 42; Diod. xv. 78. ) [C. P. M. ] told the king (say the Romans), that there was no
CI'NCIUS. 1. M.
Cincius, praefect of Pisae people like that people, - their city was a temple,
in B. c. 194, wrote to the senate to inform them of their senate an assembly of kings. Two years
an insurrection of the Ligures. (Liv. xxxiv. 56. ) after (B. C. 278), when Pyrrhus was about to cross
He is probably the same as the M. Cincius Ali- over into Sicily, Cineas was again sent to nego-
mentus, tribune of the plebs in 204 [p. 132, a). tiate peace, but on easier terms; and though the
2. L. CINcius, the procurator or bailiff of Atti- senate refused to conclude a treaty while the king
cus, is frequently mentioned in Cicero's letters. was in Italy, his minister's negotiations were in
(Ad Att. i. 1, 7, 8, 16, 20, iv. 4, a, vi. 2, ad Q. effect successful. (Appian, Samn. Fragm. xi. ) Ci-
Fr. ij. 2, üi. 1. & 2. )
neas was then sent over to Sicily, according to his
3. Cincius, who was entrusted with the govern- master's usual policy, to win all he could by per-
ment of Syria in A. D. 63, during the expedition of suasion, before he tried the sword. (Plut. Pyrrh.
Corbulo. (Tac. Ann. xv. 25. )
22. ) And this is the last we hear of him. He
CI'NEAS (Kuvéas), a Thessalian, is mentioned probably died before Pyrrhus returned to Italy in
by Demosthenes, in a well-known passage (de Cor. B. c. 276, and with him the star of his master's
p. 324), as one of those who, for the sake of pri- fortune set. He was (as Niebuhr says) the king's
vate gain, became the instruments of Philip of good genius, and his place was filled by unworthy
Macedon in sapping the independence of their favourites.
[H. G. L. ]
country. Polybius (xvii. 14) censures Demosthenes CINEʻSIAS (Kıvnolas), a dithyrambic poet of
for bringing so sweeping a charge against a number Athens. The Scholiast on Aristophanes (Ran.
of distinguished men ; but he does not enter spe-153) calls him a Theban, but this account seems
cially into the question with respect to Cineas and to be virtually contradicted by Plutarch (de Glor.
the Thessalians. (Comp. Dem. de Cor. p. 245, de Ath. 5), and may perhaps have arisen, as Fabricius
Chers. p. 105; Diod. xvi. 38, 69. ) (E. E. ] suggests (Bibl. Graec. ii. p. 117), from confound-
CI'NEAS (Kıvéas), a Thessalian, the friend ing him with another person of the same name.
and minister of Pyrrhus, king of Epeirus. He (Comp. Aristot. ap. Schol. ad Aristoph. Ar. 1379. )
was the most eloquent man of his day, and re Fabricius himself mentions Eragoras as his father,
minded his hearers (in some degree) of Demos on the authority apparently of a corrupt fragment
thenes, whom he heard speak in his youth. Pyr- of Plato, the comic poet, which is quoted by Ga-
rhus prized his persuasive powers so highly, that len. (See Dalechamp, ad Athen. xii. p. 551. ) In
“ the words of Cineas (he was wont to say) had the “ Gorgias” of Plato (p. 501, e. ) he is expressly
won him more cities than his own arms. " He called the son of Meles. His talents are said to
was also famous for his conversational powers, and have been of a very inferior order. Plutarch (2. c. )
some instances of his repartees are still preserved. calls him a poet of no high repute or creative
(Plin. H. N. xiv. 12. ) That he was versed in genius. The comic wriver, Pherecrates (ap. Plut.
the philosophy of Epicurus is plain from the de Mus. 30), accuses him of having introduced sad
anecdote related by Cicero (Cat. Maj. 13) and corruptions into music; and to this Aristophanes
Plutarch. (Pyrrh. 20. ) But this is no ground perhaps alludes in the word Qouatokáuttas. (Nub.
for assuming that he proſessed this philosophy. 332. ) In the Birds (1372–1409), he is intro-
At all events be did not practise it; for, instead duced as wishing to fly up to Olympus to bring
of whiling away life in useless ease, he served down from the clouds, their proper region, a fresh
Pyrrhus long and actively; and he took so much supply of " mmbling odes, air-tost and snow-
3 c


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754
CINNA.
CINNA.
tree.
:
beaten” (αεροδoνήτους και νιφοβόλους αναβολάς, J. L. CORNELIUS L. F. Cinna, consul in B. C.
comp. Aristot. Rhet. iii. 9. & 1). But he presented 127. (Fast. Sic. )
many salient points, besides the characier of his 2. L. Cornelius L. f. L. N. CINNA, son of
poems, to the attacks of comedy. Athenaeus tells No. 1, the famous leader of the popular party,
us (xii. p. 551), that he was so tall and thin as to during the absence of Sulla in the Easi
. (B. C. 87
be obliged to wear, for the support of his body, a -84. ) He was practorian legate in the Marsic
species of stays made of the wood of the linden war. (Cic. pro Font. 15. ) In B. C. 87, when
Hence Aristophanes (Av. 1378) calls him Sulla was about to take the command against
Oi^úpivov: hence, too (Ran. 1433), he makes Eu- Mithridates, he allowed Cinna to be elected consul
ripides propose to fit Cinesias, by way of wings, to i with Cn. Octavius, on condition of his taking
a fellow-rogue, Cleocritus ; and in a fragment of an oath not to alter the constitution as then exist-
the Impuráðns (ap. Athen. l. c. ) he speaks of him ing. (Plut. Sull. 10; Dion Cass. Frag. 117. )
as a fit ambassador from the Dithyrambic poets to
Yet Cinna's first act as consul was to impeach
their shadowy brethren of the craft in Hades. Sulla (Cic. in Cat. iii. 10, Brut. 47, Tusc. Disp.
(Comp. Strattis, ap. Athen. I. c. ; Dalechamp, ad v. 19); and as soon as the general had left Italy,
loc. , and the authors there referred to. ) A more he began his endeavour to overpower the senate,
legitimate ground of satire was furnished by his by forming a strong popular party ont of the new
impiety, which was open and excessive, and his citizens, chiefly of the Italian states, who had
very profligate life ; and we learn from Lysias, the lately been enrolled in the 35 old tribes, whereas
orator (ap. Athen. l. c. ), who himself attacked him they had before voted separately as eight tribes
in two orations, - now lost with the exception of (Appian, B. C. i. 55, 56 ; Cic. Philipp. viii. 2;
the fragment here referred to,—that not a year | Vell. Pat. ii. 20); and by their aid it was pro-
passed in which he was not assailed on this score posed to recall Marius and his party. The other
by the comic poets. He had his revenge however; consul, Octavius, was ill fitted to oppose the
for he succeeded in procuring (probably about B. c. energy of the popular leaders (Plut. Mar. 41, 42,
390) the abolition of the Choragia, as far as regard.