His name is written by
Augustin
(De Actis
of the Roman emperors Aurelius and Verus, and cum Felice Munichuco, ii.
of the Roman emperors Aurelius and Verus, and cum Felice Munichuco, ii.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - b
The Oriental bishops appear to
Greek Anthology, who edited two books of epi- have rejected the pope's authority, and sent him
grams. In the Anthology one hundred and twenty- back a remonstrance against his rebukes. Lucius,
four epigrams are ascribed to him (Brunck, Anal. however, recovered his see by the authority of the
vol
. ii. p. 317 ; Jacobs, Anth. Graec. vol. iii. p. 29); emperor Constantius, who was constrained to restore
but of these, the Vatican MS. assigns the 118th him by the threats of bis brother Constans, then
to Lucian, and the 96th and 124th to Palladas. emperor of the West. This restoration is placed
This authority, therefore, removes the foundation by Tillemont before the council of Sardica, A. D.
for the inferences respecting the poet's date, which 347. When the death of Constans (A. D. 350)
Lessing and Fabricius drew from the mention of was known in the East, the Arian party, whom
the physician Magnus the 124th epigram. But, Lucius had provoked by the boldness and severity
on the other hand, the Vatican MS. assigns to of his attacks, deposed him, bound him neck and
Lucillius the 16th epigram of Ammianus, the 36th hands with irons (as they had done at least once be-
and 41st of Philip, the 108th anonymous, and the fore), and in that condition banished him. He died
23rd of Leonidas of Alexandria. From the last in exile. The Romish church commemorates him
epigram (which is also far more in the style of as a martyr on the eleventh of February. (Athanas.
Lucillius than of Leonidas), it appears that the Apolog. de Fuja sua, c. 3, and Hist. Arianor. ad
poet lived under Nero, and that he received money Monach. c. 19, Socrat. H. E. ii. 15, 23, 26 ; Sozo-
from that emperor. Nearly all his epigrams are men. H. E. iii. 8, 24, iv. 2 ; Theodoret, H. E. ji. 15;
sportive, and many of them are aimed at the Tillemont, Mémoires, vols. vi. and vii. ; Bolland,
grammarians, who at that time abounded at Rome. Acta Sanctorum Februarii, vol. ii. p. 519, Epistolae
His name is often written Aoúkidos in the MSS. , Julii Papae et Orient. Episc. apud Concilia, vol. ii.
but it appears from his 35th epigram that Aoukia- col. 475, &c. ed. Labbe. )
duos is right. (Jacobs, Anth. Graec. vol. xiii. pp. 2. Of ALEXANDRIA. When, on the death of the
912, 913. )
[P. S. ] emperor Constantius, and the murder of the Arian
LUCILLUS (Aoúriados) of Tarrha, in Crete, patriarch George of Cappadocia (Georgius, No. 7],
wrote a work on the city of Thessalonica (Steph. Athanasius recovered the patriarchate of Alexan-
Byz. s. v. Degralovikn), a commentary on the Ar- dria, thé Arians were expelled from the churches,
gonautica of Apollonius Rhodius, and a collection and held their meetings in obscure places. While
of Proverbs, which, with those of Didymus of in this condition, they elected Lucius to be their
## p. 826 (#842) ############################################
820
LUCIUS.
LUCIUS.
room.
patriarch (Socrat. II. E. ji. 4), who on the death of to Rome for spiritual instruction ; and that in con-
the emperor Julian and the accession of Jovian, pre- sequence four teachers, Dyfan, Ffagan, Medwy, and
Bented a petition to the latter, begging him to annul Elfan were sent to him by Pope Eleutherius.
the re-establishment of Athanasius ; but their peti- Lucius is said to have founded the see of Llandaff.
tion was contemptuously rejected (Petitio ad Jovian. To these scanty, but in themselves, sufficiently cre-
Imperat. Antiochiae facta à Lucio aliisque, printed dible notices, the credulity of the later ages has
with the works of St. Athanasius, vol. i. p. 782, &c. added many particulars. Lucius is made by Giraldiis
ed. Benedict). When the Arian Valens became em Cambrensis (apud Usher), king of the Britons ; and
peror of the East, the hopes of Lucius and his the missionaries from Rome effect the conversion of
party revived ; but the emperor would not allow the whole population of the island. Five metro-
him to return to Alexandria during Athanasius'politan sees are established ; one for each of the
lifetime, though he obtained the bishopric of Samo- five provinces into which the Romans had divided
Bita, where, however, he was insulted even by the the island, with twelve suffragan bishops to each.
children of the orthodox party, in consequence of Geoffrey of Monmouth makes Lucius the son of
which he incited the officers of the government Coillus, the son of Marius, the son of Arviragus ;
to inflict some severities on the orthodox. On the and, though differing in details from Giraldus,
death of Athanasius (A. D. 373) and the ordination agrees with him in making the conversion of the
of Petrus or Peter, whom he had nominated as his inhabitants and the institution of the hierarchy
successor, Valens sent Lucius to Alexandria, in complete. Some other traditions or legends of the
company with Luzoius, Arian patriarch of Antioch, middle ages make Lucius resign his crown, travel
with orders to the authorities of Alexandria, in as a missionary, with his sister St. Emerita, through
consequence of which Peter was deposed and im Rhaetia and Vindelicin, and suffer martyrdom near
prisoned, and Lucius forcibly established in his Curia, the modern Coire or Chur. Thus distorted
A severe persecution of the orthodox then by the credulity of a later age, the history of Lucius
commenced, especially of the priesthood and the and his very existence have been by some critics
nuns, whom Lucius charged with exciting popular altogether doubted. But we see no reason to
disturbances. Peter, who had escaped, fled to doubt that there was a British regulus or chieftain
Rome, where he was supported by the pope Dama of the same or somewhat similar name, about
Bus I. , who after some time sent him back to Alex- the time of Eleutherius ; and that his influence,
andria, with letters confirming his ordination, in which he had retained under the Roman dominion,
consequence of which he obtained possession of the conduced to the establishment and diffusion of
patriarchate, and Lucius in turn was obliged to Christianity in Britain : and the Welsh traditions,
flee to Constantinople. This was probably in A. D. which place him in the territory of the Silures,
377 or 378, not long before the death of Valens. the present Glamorganshire, are more probable
Whether Lucius was ever restored is doubtful ; if than the suppositions of Spelman, who makes
he was, he was soon again expelled by the emperor him an Icenian, and of Stillingfieet, who makes
Theodosius. According to some authorities he still him king of the Regni, in Surrey and Sussex. He
remained director of the Arian churches in his probably lived in the latter half of the second
patriarchal city. He withdrew from Constantinople century ; but there are difficulties about the year
at the time of the expulsion of Demophilus, Arian of his application to Rome, as to which Bede is in
patriarch of that city (A. D. 380), and nothing error. A letter is extant, and is given by Usher,
more is known of him.
He wrote, according professing to be from Pope Eleutherius “to Lucius
to Jerome, Solemnes de Paschate Epistolae, and a king of Britain," but it is doubtless spurious.
few little books (libelli) on various subjects. The Usher mentions that two coins, supposed to be of
acts of the Lateran Council, A. D. 649, contain an Lucius, had been found, one of gold, the other of
extract from his Eis to táoxa nóyos, Sermo in silver ; having the image of a king with a cross,
Pascha. Whether this Sermo was one of what and the letters, as far as could be made out, LVC.
Jerome has described as Solemnes Epistolae, is not (Beda, Il. cc. ; Ado, l. c. in the Biblioth. Patrum,
certain. (Socrat. H. E. iii. 4, iv. 21, 22, 24, 37 ; vol. xvi. ed. Lyon, 1677 ; Galfrid, Monemut. lib.
Sozomen, H. E. vi. 19, 20, 39 ; Theodoret, H. E. ii. init. ; Usher, Britannic. Eccles. Antiquitates, c.
iv. 15, 20—23 ; Hieronym. De Vir. Illustr. c. 118 ; 3—6 ; Stillingfleet, Antiq. of the Brit. Churches, c.
Tillemont, Mémoires, vols. vi. vi. viii. passim ; | 2, with the preface of the Rev. T. P. Pantin, the
Cave, Hist. Litt. ad ann. 371; Fabric. Bibl. Gr. | latest editor ; Rice Rees, An Essay on the Welsh
vol. ix. p. 247, Concilia, vol. vi. col. 313, ed. Labbe, Saints, pp. 82, seq. ; Tillemont, Mémoires, vol. ii.
vol. iii. col. 892, ed Hardouin. )
pp. 62, 63, 615, 616 ; Baron. Annal. ad Ann. 183. )
3. Of BRITAIN. Bede in his Historia Eccle 4. CHARINUS, an heretical writer of uncertain
siastica, i. 4, states that in A. D. 156, in the reign date.
His name is written by Augustin (De Actis
of the Roman emperors Aurelius and Verus, and cum Felice Munichuco, ii. 6), and the author of the
in the pontificate of Pope Eleutherius, Lucius, a book De Fide, contra Manichaeos, formerly attri-
British king, sent a letter to the Pope, praying for buted to Augustin, Leucius or LEUTIUS, and in
his assistance that he might be made a Christian ; one MS. Locutius, and in some printed editions
and having obtained his request, was with his LEONTIUS. Photius writes the name LEUCIUS
people instructed in the Christian faith, which they CHARINUS (Acúkios Xapivos). In the Duretum
preserved perfect and uncorrupted, and in peace, of pope Gelasius, De Libris Apocryphis, it is written
till the reign of Diocletian. A statement similar to LenticIUS. This Leucius wrote a work, entitled,
this is given by Bede in his Chronicon s. de Sex according to Photius, ai TW’ATOOTÓAWY Trepíodol,
Aetatibus, and by Ado of Vienne, in his Chronicon. Periodi Apostolorum, now lost, containing the Acts
The early Welsh notices and the Silurian Catalogues of the Apostles, Peter, John, Andrew, Thomas,
of Saints state (according to Mr. Rice Rees), that and Paul. Photius criticises the style as in many
Lleurwg-ab-Coel-ab-Cyllin, called also Lleufer places too familiar, and condemns the sentiments as
Mawr, " the Great Luminary,” and Lles, applied ( heretical, self-contradictory, and absurd. The writes
## p. 827 (#843) ############################################
LUCIUS.
827
LUCIUS.
66
distinguished between the God of the Jews (whom to Pagi and Pearson in A. D. 252. According to
he designated as malignant, and whose minister Baronius he was born at Rome, and his father was
Simon Magus was) and Christ (whom he called named Porphyrius. Of his history previous to his
the Good One"). He denied the reality of pontificate little more is known than that he was
Christ's human nature, and affirmed that he was one of the presbyters who accompanied bis pre-
not crucified, but that another suffered in his place. decessor into exile when he was binished by the
He condenned marriage as altogether unlawful. emperor Gallus to Centum Cellae, now Civita
Both Augustin and the author of the book De Vecchin. [CORNELIUS. ] Lucius himself was ba-
Fide (Il. cc. ) cite a passage from this work, which nished a short time after his election, but soon
they call Actus Apostolorum; and it is evident from obtained lenve to return. llis return was about
what they say that it was much esteemed among the end of the year 252, or early in the year 2533
the Manichueans, though rejected by the great |(256 according to Baronius), and he could not have
body of Christians. Bui it is not so clear whether long survived it, its his whole pontificate was only
the author lived before or after the time of Minnes, of six or eight montlis, perhaps even shorter than
who flourished in the latter half of the third cen- that. lle died, not as Baronius states, in A. D.
tury. Whether he wrote any other works is not 257, but in A. D. 253, being, according to some
clear. Pope Innocent I. , or the writer, whether accounts, martyred by decapitation. The manner
Innocentius or not, of the Epistola III. ad of his death is, however, very doubtful. (Euseb.
Eauperuntium, ascribes to one Leucius" some H. E. vii. 2; Cyprian. Epistol. 61, 68, ed. Fell.
apocryphal writings extant in his time (Innocent 58, 67, ed. Pamelii; Pearson, Annal. Cyprian, ad
died A. D. 417), under the names of Matthew, of ann. 252, 253; Baronius, Annal, ad ann. 255, 256,
James the Less, and of Peter and John : and in 257, 258; Pagi, Critice in Baronium; Tillemont,
the prefatory letters to the apocryphal Erangelium Mémoires, vol. iv. p. 118, &c. )
de Nutivitate Muriae (Fabric. Codex Apocryph. N. 9. Of PATRAE, a Greek writer of uncertain
T. vol. i. p. 19), which pretend to be addressed to date. He wrote Metamopouoewv abyou diáoupoi,
or written hy Jerome, by wbom the Evangelium Metamorphoseon Libri Diversi, which are now lost,
itself (which was ascribed to the evangelist but were extant in the time of Photius, who has
Matthew) was professedly translated from the described them (Bill. cod. 129). His style was
Hebrew into Latin, it is stated that a work on the perspicuous and pure, but his works were crowded
same subject, or rather the same work much inter- with marvels ; and, according to Photius, he re-
polated, had been published by Seleucus, a Mani-lated with perfect gravity and good faith the trans-
chaean. We are not aware that the date of these formations of men into brutes and brutes into
pseudo-Hieronymian letters is known, but they in- men, and “the other nonsense and idle tales of the
dicate that such a work by Seleucus was then in ancient mythology. ” Some parts of his works bore
existence; and this Seleucus is by many critics so close a resemblance to the Lucius s. Asinus of
identified with our Leucius. Huet supposes that Lucian, that Photius thought he had either bor-
the apocryplial writings ascribed to Leucius by pope rowed from that writer, or, as was more likely,
Innocent included the Protevanyelium Jacobi given Lucian had borrowed from him. The latter alter-
by Fabricius (L. c. p. 66); but if there be any native appears to be the true one; for if Photius is
foundation for this opinion, Leucius must have correct as to Lucius believing the stories he related,
lived a century before Manes, as indeed Grabe sup- we can hardly suppose he would have derived any
poses that he did. Fabricius, however, decidedly re- part of his narratives from such an evident scoffer
jects the opinion of Huet. Grabe (Not. ad Irenueum, as Lucian; and Lucian possibly designed, by giving
lib. i. c. 17) cites from a MS. at Oxford, containing the name Lucius to his hero, and making him an
Leucü Evangelium, a passage which resenibles part inhabitant of Patrae, to ridicule the credulity of
of the Evangelium Infuntiae (c. 49), but does not his predecessor.
exactly agree with it. A portion of the Montanists, 10. The PYTHAGOREAN. [See No. 5. ]
who existed as late as the end of the fourth century, 11. Of Rome. [See No. 8. ) [J. C. M. ]
boasted, though falsely, of a Leucius, as having LU'CIUS, artists. 1. A lamp-maker, whose
been an influential person among them (Pacian. name is inscribed on a lamp in Bartoli's collection.
Epistol. I. c. 6; apud Aguirre, Concil. Hispun. (Lucerne, vol. iii. pl. 9 ; Welcker, in the Kunstblutt,
vol. i. p. 317, fol. Rom. 1753). This Leucius was 1827, No. 84 ; R. Rochette, Lettre à M. Schwrn,
perhaps the same as the Leucius Charinus of 312, 2nd edition. )
Photius; though Fabricius rather identifies him with 2. An artist in pottery, the maker of a vessel
another Leucius, mentioned by Epiphanius (Haeres. in the Leyden Museum. (Janssen, Mus. Lugd.
li. 6, p. 427, ed. Petav. ) as a disciple of the Inscript. p. 141. )
Apostle John. (Augustin. Phot. I. cc. ; Fabric. 3. A gem-engraver, the maker of a beautiful
Cod. Apocryph. N. T. pars ii. p. 768, pars iji. p. head of Victory. (Bracci, vol. ii. p. 132. ) (P. S. )
624, alibi, 8vo. Hamb. 1719; Tillemont, Mémoires, LUÄCIUS, a physician of Tarsus in Cilicia
vol ii. p. 445, 446 ; Cave, Hist. Litt. ad Ann. 180, (Galen. De Compos. Medicam. sec. Loc. ix. 5. vol.
et ad fin. Saec. vi. )
xiii. p. 295), who must have lived in or before the
5. Of ETRURIA. Plutarch, in his Symposiac. s. first century after Christ, as he is mentioned by
Quaest. Convivial. (viii. 7,8) introduces as one of the Archigenes. (ap. Galen. ibid. iii. 1. vol. xii. p. 623. )
speakers Lucius, an Etruscan, and a disciple of He was perhaps tutor to Criton (Galen, ibid. v.
Moderatus the Pythagorean, who flourished in the 3. vol. xii. p. 828) and Asclepiades Pharmacion
reign of the emperor Nero. Lucius asserted that (ibid. vol. xiii. pp.
Greek Anthology, who edited two books of epi- have rejected the pope's authority, and sent him
grams. In the Anthology one hundred and twenty- back a remonstrance against his rebukes. Lucius,
four epigrams are ascribed to him (Brunck, Anal. however, recovered his see by the authority of the
vol
. ii. p. 317 ; Jacobs, Anth. Graec. vol. iii. p. 29); emperor Constantius, who was constrained to restore
but of these, the Vatican MS. assigns the 118th him by the threats of bis brother Constans, then
to Lucian, and the 96th and 124th to Palladas. emperor of the West. This restoration is placed
This authority, therefore, removes the foundation by Tillemont before the council of Sardica, A. D.
for the inferences respecting the poet's date, which 347. When the death of Constans (A. D. 350)
Lessing and Fabricius drew from the mention of was known in the East, the Arian party, whom
the physician Magnus the 124th epigram. But, Lucius had provoked by the boldness and severity
on the other hand, the Vatican MS. assigns to of his attacks, deposed him, bound him neck and
Lucillius the 16th epigram of Ammianus, the 36th hands with irons (as they had done at least once be-
and 41st of Philip, the 108th anonymous, and the fore), and in that condition banished him. He died
23rd of Leonidas of Alexandria. From the last in exile. The Romish church commemorates him
epigram (which is also far more in the style of as a martyr on the eleventh of February. (Athanas.
Lucillius than of Leonidas), it appears that the Apolog. de Fuja sua, c. 3, and Hist. Arianor. ad
poet lived under Nero, and that he received money Monach. c. 19, Socrat. H. E. ii. 15, 23, 26 ; Sozo-
from that emperor. Nearly all his epigrams are men. H. E. iii. 8, 24, iv. 2 ; Theodoret, H. E. ji. 15;
sportive, and many of them are aimed at the Tillemont, Mémoires, vols. vi. and vii. ; Bolland,
grammarians, who at that time abounded at Rome. Acta Sanctorum Februarii, vol. ii. p. 519, Epistolae
His name is often written Aoúkidos in the MSS. , Julii Papae et Orient. Episc. apud Concilia, vol. ii.
but it appears from his 35th epigram that Aoukia- col. 475, &c. ed. Labbe. )
duos is right. (Jacobs, Anth. Graec. vol. xiii. pp. 2. Of ALEXANDRIA. When, on the death of the
912, 913. )
[P. S. ] emperor Constantius, and the murder of the Arian
LUCILLUS (Aoúriados) of Tarrha, in Crete, patriarch George of Cappadocia (Georgius, No. 7],
wrote a work on the city of Thessalonica (Steph. Athanasius recovered the patriarchate of Alexan-
Byz. s. v. Degralovikn), a commentary on the Ar- dria, thé Arians were expelled from the churches,
gonautica of Apollonius Rhodius, and a collection and held their meetings in obscure places. While
of Proverbs, which, with those of Didymus of in this condition, they elected Lucius to be their
## p. 826 (#842) ############################################
820
LUCIUS.
LUCIUS.
room.
patriarch (Socrat. II. E. ji. 4), who on the death of to Rome for spiritual instruction ; and that in con-
the emperor Julian and the accession of Jovian, pre- sequence four teachers, Dyfan, Ffagan, Medwy, and
Bented a petition to the latter, begging him to annul Elfan were sent to him by Pope Eleutherius.
the re-establishment of Athanasius ; but their peti- Lucius is said to have founded the see of Llandaff.
tion was contemptuously rejected (Petitio ad Jovian. To these scanty, but in themselves, sufficiently cre-
Imperat. Antiochiae facta à Lucio aliisque, printed dible notices, the credulity of the later ages has
with the works of St. Athanasius, vol. i. p. 782, &c. added many particulars. Lucius is made by Giraldiis
ed. Benedict). When the Arian Valens became em Cambrensis (apud Usher), king of the Britons ; and
peror of the East, the hopes of Lucius and his the missionaries from Rome effect the conversion of
party revived ; but the emperor would not allow the whole population of the island. Five metro-
him to return to Alexandria during Athanasius'politan sees are established ; one for each of the
lifetime, though he obtained the bishopric of Samo- five provinces into which the Romans had divided
Bita, where, however, he was insulted even by the the island, with twelve suffragan bishops to each.
children of the orthodox party, in consequence of Geoffrey of Monmouth makes Lucius the son of
which he incited the officers of the government Coillus, the son of Marius, the son of Arviragus ;
to inflict some severities on the orthodox. On the and, though differing in details from Giraldus,
death of Athanasius (A. D. 373) and the ordination agrees with him in making the conversion of the
of Petrus or Peter, whom he had nominated as his inhabitants and the institution of the hierarchy
successor, Valens sent Lucius to Alexandria, in complete. Some other traditions or legends of the
company with Luzoius, Arian patriarch of Antioch, middle ages make Lucius resign his crown, travel
with orders to the authorities of Alexandria, in as a missionary, with his sister St. Emerita, through
consequence of which Peter was deposed and im Rhaetia and Vindelicin, and suffer martyrdom near
prisoned, and Lucius forcibly established in his Curia, the modern Coire or Chur. Thus distorted
A severe persecution of the orthodox then by the credulity of a later age, the history of Lucius
commenced, especially of the priesthood and the and his very existence have been by some critics
nuns, whom Lucius charged with exciting popular altogether doubted. But we see no reason to
disturbances. Peter, who had escaped, fled to doubt that there was a British regulus or chieftain
Rome, where he was supported by the pope Dama of the same or somewhat similar name, about
Bus I. , who after some time sent him back to Alex- the time of Eleutherius ; and that his influence,
andria, with letters confirming his ordination, in which he had retained under the Roman dominion,
consequence of which he obtained possession of the conduced to the establishment and diffusion of
patriarchate, and Lucius in turn was obliged to Christianity in Britain : and the Welsh traditions,
flee to Constantinople. This was probably in A. D. which place him in the territory of the Silures,
377 or 378, not long before the death of Valens. the present Glamorganshire, are more probable
Whether Lucius was ever restored is doubtful ; if than the suppositions of Spelman, who makes
he was, he was soon again expelled by the emperor him an Icenian, and of Stillingfieet, who makes
Theodosius. According to some authorities he still him king of the Regni, in Surrey and Sussex. He
remained director of the Arian churches in his probably lived in the latter half of the second
patriarchal city. He withdrew from Constantinople century ; but there are difficulties about the year
at the time of the expulsion of Demophilus, Arian of his application to Rome, as to which Bede is in
patriarch of that city (A. D. 380), and nothing error. A letter is extant, and is given by Usher,
more is known of him.
He wrote, according professing to be from Pope Eleutherius “to Lucius
to Jerome, Solemnes de Paschate Epistolae, and a king of Britain," but it is doubtless spurious.
few little books (libelli) on various subjects. The Usher mentions that two coins, supposed to be of
acts of the Lateran Council, A. D. 649, contain an Lucius, had been found, one of gold, the other of
extract from his Eis to táoxa nóyos, Sermo in silver ; having the image of a king with a cross,
Pascha. Whether this Sermo was one of what and the letters, as far as could be made out, LVC.
Jerome has described as Solemnes Epistolae, is not (Beda, Il. cc. ; Ado, l. c. in the Biblioth. Patrum,
certain. (Socrat. H. E. iii. 4, iv. 21, 22, 24, 37 ; vol. xvi. ed. Lyon, 1677 ; Galfrid, Monemut. lib.
Sozomen, H. E. vi. 19, 20, 39 ; Theodoret, H. E. ii. init. ; Usher, Britannic. Eccles. Antiquitates, c.
iv. 15, 20—23 ; Hieronym. De Vir. Illustr. c. 118 ; 3—6 ; Stillingfleet, Antiq. of the Brit. Churches, c.
Tillemont, Mémoires, vols. vi. vi. viii. passim ; | 2, with the preface of the Rev. T. P. Pantin, the
Cave, Hist. Litt. ad ann. 371; Fabric. Bibl. Gr. | latest editor ; Rice Rees, An Essay on the Welsh
vol. ix. p. 247, Concilia, vol. vi. col. 313, ed. Labbe, Saints, pp. 82, seq. ; Tillemont, Mémoires, vol. ii.
vol. iii. col. 892, ed Hardouin. )
pp. 62, 63, 615, 616 ; Baron. Annal. ad Ann. 183. )
3. Of BRITAIN. Bede in his Historia Eccle 4. CHARINUS, an heretical writer of uncertain
siastica, i. 4, states that in A. D. 156, in the reign date.
His name is written by Augustin (De Actis
of the Roman emperors Aurelius and Verus, and cum Felice Munichuco, ii. 6), and the author of the
in the pontificate of Pope Eleutherius, Lucius, a book De Fide, contra Manichaeos, formerly attri-
British king, sent a letter to the Pope, praying for buted to Augustin, Leucius or LEUTIUS, and in
his assistance that he might be made a Christian ; one MS. Locutius, and in some printed editions
and having obtained his request, was with his LEONTIUS. Photius writes the name LEUCIUS
people instructed in the Christian faith, which they CHARINUS (Acúkios Xapivos). In the Duretum
preserved perfect and uncorrupted, and in peace, of pope Gelasius, De Libris Apocryphis, it is written
till the reign of Diocletian. A statement similar to LenticIUS. This Leucius wrote a work, entitled,
this is given by Bede in his Chronicon s. de Sex according to Photius, ai TW’ATOOTÓAWY Trepíodol,
Aetatibus, and by Ado of Vienne, in his Chronicon. Periodi Apostolorum, now lost, containing the Acts
The early Welsh notices and the Silurian Catalogues of the Apostles, Peter, John, Andrew, Thomas,
of Saints state (according to Mr. Rice Rees), that and Paul. Photius criticises the style as in many
Lleurwg-ab-Coel-ab-Cyllin, called also Lleufer places too familiar, and condemns the sentiments as
Mawr, " the Great Luminary,” and Lles, applied ( heretical, self-contradictory, and absurd. The writes
## p. 827 (#843) ############################################
LUCIUS.
827
LUCIUS.
66
distinguished between the God of the Jews (whom to Pagi and Pearson in A. D. 252. According to
he designated as malignant, and whose minister Baronius he was born at Rome, and his father was
Simon Magus was) and Christ (whom he called named Porphyrius. Of his history previous to his
the Good One"). He denied the reality of pontificate little more is known than that he was
Christ's human nature, and affirmed that he was one of the presbyters who accompanied bis pre-
not crucified, but that another suffered in his place. decessor into exile when he was binished by the
He condenned marriage as altogether unlawful. emperor Gallus to Centum Cellae, now Civita
Both Augustin and the author of the book De Vecchin. [CORNELIUS. ] Lucius himself was ba-
Fide (Il. cc. ) cite a passage from this work, which nished a short time after his election, but soon
they call Actus Apostolorum; and it is evident from obtained lenve to return. llis return was about
what they say that it was much esteemed among the end of the year 252, or early in the year 2533
the Manichueans, though rejected by the great |(256 according to Baronius), and he could not have
body of Christians. Bui it is not so clear whether long survived it, its his whole pontificate was only
the author lived before or after the time of Minnes, of six or eight montlis, perhaps even shorter than
who flourished in the latter half of the third cen- that. lle died, not as Baronius states, in A. D.
tury. Whether he wrote any other works is not 257, but in A. D. 253, being, according to some
clear. Pope Innocent I. , or the writer, whether accounts, martyred by decapitation. The manner
Innocentius or not, of the Epistola III. ad of his death is, however, very doubtful. (Euseb.
Eauperuntium, ascribes to one Leucius" some H. E. vii. 2; Cyprian. Epistol. 61, 68, ed. Fell.
apocryphal writings extant in his time (Innocent 58, 67, ed. Pamelii; Pearson, Annal. Cyprian, ad
died A. D. 417), under the names of Matthew, of ann. 252, 253; Baronius, Annal, ad ann. 255, 256,
James the Less, and of Peter and John : and in 257, 258; Pagi, Critice in Baronium; Tillemont,
the prefatory letters to the apocryphal Erangelium Mémoires, vol. iv. p. 118, &c. )
de Nutivitate Muriae (Fabric. Codex Apocryph. N. 9. Of PATRAE, a Greek writer of uncertain
T. vol. i. p. 19), which pretend to be addressed to date. He wrote Metamopouoewv abyou diáoupoi,
or written hy Jerome, by wbom the Evangelium Metamorphoseon Libri Diversi, which are now lost,
itself (which was ascribed to the evangelist but were extant in the time of Photius, who has
Matthew) was professedly translated from the described them (Bill. cod. 129). His style was
Hebrew into Latin, it is stated that a work on the perspicuous and pure, but his works were crowded
same subject, or rather the same work much inter- with marvels ; and, according to Photius, he re-
polated, had been published by Seleucus, a Mani-lated with perfect gravity and good faith the trans-
chaean. We are not aware that the date of these formations of men into brutes and brutes into
pseudo-Hieronymian letters is known, but they in- men, and “the other nonsense and idle tales of the
dicate that such a work by Seleucus was then in ancient mythology. ” Some parts of his works bore
existence; and this Seleucus is by many critics so close a resemblance to the Lucius s. Asinus of
identified with our Leucius. Huet supposes that Lucian, that Photius thought he had either bor-
the apocryplial writings ascribed to Leucius by pope rowed from that writer, or, as was more likely,
Innocent included the Protevanyelium Jacobi given Lucian had borrowed from him. The latter alter-
by Fabricius (L. c. p. 66); but if there be any native appears to be the true one; for if Photius is
foundation for this opinion, Leucius must have correct as to Lucius believing the stories he related,
lived a century before Manes, as indeed Grabe sup- we can hardly suppose he would have derived any
poses that he did. Fabricius, however, decidedly re- part of his narratives from such an evident scoffer
jects the opinion of Huet. Grabe (Not. ad Irenueum, as Lucian; and Lucian possibly designed, by giving
lib. i. c. 17) cites from a MS. at Oxford, containing the name Lucius to his hero, and making him an
Leucü Evangelium, a passage which resenibles part inhabitant of Patrae, to ridicule the credulity of
of the Evangelium Infuntiae (c. 49), but does not his predecessor.
exactly agree with it. A portion of the Montanists, 10. The PYTHAGOREAN. [See No. 5. ]
who existed as late as the end of the fourth century, 11. Of Rome. [See No. 8. ) [J. C. M. ]
boasted, though falsely, of a Leucius, as having LU'CIUS, artists. 1. A lamp-maker, whose
been an influential person among them (Pacian. name is inscribed on a lamp in Bartoli's collection.
Epistol. I. c. 6; apud Aguirre, Concil. Hispun. (Lucerne, vol. iii. pl. 9 ; Welcker, in the Kunstblutt,
vol. i. p. 317, fol. Rom. 1753). This Leucius was 1827, No. 84 ; R. Rochette, Lettre à M. Schwrn,
perhaps the same as the Leucius Charinus of 312, 2nd edition. )
Photius; though Fabricius rather identifies him with 2. An artist in pottery, the maker of a vessel
another Leucius, mentioned by Epiphanius (Haeres. in the Leyden Museum. (Janssen, Mus. Lugd.
li. 6, p. 427, ed. Petav. ) as a disciple of the Inscript. p. 141. )
Apostle John. (Augustin. Phot. I. cc. ; Fabric. 3. A gem-engraver, the maker of a beautiful
Cod. Apocryph. N. T. pars ii. p. 768, pars iji. p. head of Victory. (Bracci, vol. ii. p. 132. ) (P. S. )
624, alibi, 8vo. Hamb. 1719; Tillemont, Mémoires, LUÄCIUS, a physician of Tarsus in Cilicia
vol ii. p. 445, 446 ; Cave, Hist. Litt. ad Ann. 180, (Galen. De Compos. Medicam. sec. Loc. ix. 5. vol.
et ad fin. Saec. vi. )
xiii. p. 295), who must have lived in or before the
5. Of ETRURIA. Plutarch, in his Symposiac. s. first century after Christ, as he is mentioned by
Quaest. Convivial. (viii. 7,8) introduces as one of the Archigenes. (ap. Galen. ibid. iii. 1. vol. xii. p. 623. )
speakers Lucius, an Etruscan, and a disciple of He was perhaps tutor to Criton (Galen, ibid. v.
Moderatus the Pythagorean, who flourished in the 3. vol. xii. p. 828) and Asclepiades Pharmacion
reign of the emperor Nero. Lucius asserted that (ibid. vol. xiii. pp.
