No More Learning

'd, I
THE
LIFE and DEATH
GEORGE Lord
OF J EFFREYS.
EADER, Think it not strange if I
with the memorable Life and Actions of a Person so well known in this great Kingdom : And peradventure Fame has not been silent in other
Countries, especially since he has been advanced to be a Chief Minister of State, and sat, as it were, steering at the Helm of Government. Various indeed are the Changes of worldly Affairs, and the Actions of Humane Life, which have been more particularly exemplified in the Rise and Fall of the Person, the Subject of this Discourse ; who from almost a mean Obscurity, soar'd to the lofty Pyramid of Honour ; where for a while, like an unfixed Star, he appeared to the Eyes of the wondring Nation, giving an imperfect Lustre ; till by, the sud den Turn and Change of unsteady Fortune he dropt headlong from his Sphere, and lost at once his Grandeur and his Power. To let Mankind see how little Trust there is to be given to the Smiles of flattering Greatness, especially when attained by violent and pressing Motions : I now proceed to trace this un fortunate Favourite in the sundry Capacities and Stations that have hitherto made up the Series of his Life.
He was born at Acton, near Wrexam, in Denbighshire, in U2
present you
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Wales, about the Year 1648, his Father's Name was — Jeffreys, being reputed a Gentleman in that Country, though of no large Fortune or Estate ; however he lived very comfortably on what he had, improving his yearly Income by his Industry ; and gain'd by his plain and honest Endeavours a good Repute amongst the Gentry of those Parts ; insomuch that it was not long before he, upon the Recommendation of some Person of Interest and Ability, gain'd a Wife of a good House ; and they lived very comfortably together in their Rural Habitation, being far from Ambition, or striving for Court-favour ; but con tented with what God had blessed them with, and the Fruits of their own Industry, they found a solid Happiness in that Con tentment. Nor had they lived together any considerable Time, but amongst other Children, the Fruits of Wedlock, God was pleased to bestow on them the Person who is intended the Sub
ject of this Discourse, who was in due Time baptized by the Christian Name of George; whether he had Godfathers, &c. it does not occur ; however, he under the Care and Diligence of his Industrious Parents grew up, and appear'd to all that studied him, of a very prompt and ready Wit, active, %nd striv ing for Pre-eminence, even among his Compeers in his tender Age, which lively demonstrated that an Air of Ambition was inherent to his Person.
As soon as he was capable to receive Learning, he was put to a Country-School, where he was furnished with such Education as that afforded, which was not extraordinary ; yet his natural Parts set it off to the best Advantage ; and growing to Years of somewhat a ripe Understanding, and not very tractable, his Father by the Advice of some of his Confidents, caused him to be brought to London, and finding him not inclinable to any Trade, but rather addicted to Study, he entred him, or by his Procurement he was entered into the Free-School of West minster, where he profited much, so that he was, by the Care of the worthy Master thereof, soon enabled to understand the
Languages, or at least so many of them as were convenient for the Study of the Law, which above other Things he aimed at ; tho' his Father seemed not very pliable to his Desires ; for per ceiving in his Soul a more than ordinary Spark of Ambition,
fearing it might kindle into a Flame, and prove one Day his
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Ruin, he laboured to hinder the Ways he conceived most likely to bring it upon him ; and is reported to say (when he found he could not dissuade him from what he purposed, gently clapping
him on the Back), Ah, George, George, /fear
thou wilt die with thy Shoes and Stockings on : What he meant by that Expression, I determine not, but leave the Reader to interpret. Upon the coming in of King Charles the Second, and the restoring the Face of Affairs in the Kingdom, the Law reviv'd again, and began to flourish ; the Practitioners lived in much Credit and Reputation, and many of them purchased large
Estates, which served to wing the Desire of this Person with Impatience ; and some say he was the rather incited to it by a Dream he had whilst a Scholar at Westminster-School, viz. That he should be the chief scholar in that School, and after ward should enrich himself by Study and Industry, and that he should come to be the second Man in the Kingdom, but in Conclusion should fall into great Disgrace and Misery. This was confidently reported ; and some say himself told it to sun dry Persons since, when he found the second Part of it was fulfilled, by acquiring the Chancellorship, and standing high in the Favour of his Prince.
However, we find the latter Part did not deter him from his Purpose, for having entred himself in the Inner-Temple House, one of the chief Inns of Court, after his performing such Things as are conformable to the Customs of the House, we find him call'd to the Bar, by the Interest he made with the Benchers and Heads of that Learned Society, earlier than had been usual, leaping over the Heads of elder Graduates.
This happening about the twentieth Year of the Reign of King Charles the Second, and the City of London beginning to raise herself out of her Ashes, more stately and magnificent than before she sunk in Flames, a Sacrifice to the Revenge and Malice of the Papists, as by the late Inscription on the Monu
ment, and upon Record it appears : This great City, I say, regaining her Trade, her Priviledges and Customs were kept up with great Exactness, so that in the Courts at Guild-Hall there was much Business ; which being considered by this Per son as more beneficial than that at Westminster, by Reason of its Frequency, and being carried on briefer, and with less Diffi
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culty ; which induced him to give his Attendance also at HicKs- Hall, and other inferiour Courts and Places ; insomuch that he being of a bold Presence, and having naturally a fluent Tongue, an audible Voice, and good utterance, he had not pleaded often before he was very much taken Notice of, and gain'd so much Credit by the People, that they preferr'd him before any of the younger Barristers; by which means he found his Stars begin to smile upon him, so that he was in a manner courted to take Fees, and had Breviates thrust into his Hand frequently in the middle of a Course by Persons, when they perceived it went ill on their Sides, and was like to go against them.
Thus flush'd with Success, he now thought of nothing more than how he might climb ; nor did he want an Opportunity ; for the next Station we find him in, is that of Common Serjeant to the great and honourable City of London; and so much Fortune favour'd him at this Time, that Alderman Jeffreys, the great Smoaker, having often observ'd his Discourse and Actions, took such a liking to him, that being of the same Name, tho' not in the least any Relation, be back'd him with his Purse and Interest, which was not inconsiderable ; and thereby not only enabled him to carry on his Grandeur, but to purchase as he found a Conveniency or Advantage, in order to his keeping it up in the World.
These, I say, being the Degrees by which he was climbing the slippery Stair of Honour, to contract a firmer Alliance, he addressed himself to a brisk young Widow, Daughter to Sir Thomas Bludworth, then one of the Aldermen of the City, and who in the Time of the dreadful Conflagration had the Chair, as being then Lord Mayor; and so far prevail'd upon the Lady and her Father, that he gained both their Consents, and the Contract was made, the Nuptials solemnized, And soon after he had the Pleasure to behold the Fruits of her Labour. Sir John Howel, the Recorder of London, giving Place, the Recordership became vacant, which made this Person lay hold of that Oppor tunity, to use his own and the Interest of his Friends, to acquire that Place of Trust and Honour : Nor did his Measures fail
him, for by the powerful Influence he had by this Time gain'd
over sundry
what he so earnestly labour^ to arrive at, he was chosen and
Persons, who were best able to promote him to
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confirm'd Recorder of the honourable City ; taking upon Kim the Charge and Care of the Writings, Papers, &r'c. that belong to so great a Charge and Trust, as that of a Recorder of the
City of London.
By this Means being become (as himself declar'd) the Mouth
of the City, and, as we may term him, Capital Judge in the Guild-Hall, in Controversies at the Sessions held there, &°c.
and the Power of breathing forth Sentences of Punishment being put into his Hands, he found his Ambition enlarged, aim ing at nothing more than to become a Court-Favourite : Nor was it long before an Opportunity offer'd itself, to make him to be taken Notice of : For so it happened, that some Persons
had imprinted a Psalter, and entituled it (the better to shadow the Injury they had done to the Company of Stationers, by invading their Property) The King's Psalier, which occasioning a Dispute, it was referred to a Hearing before the Council at
Whitehall, the King being present, and the Company the better to make out their Title and Claim, carried with them this Person as their Counsel, who in opening of the Case, and mak ing the Complaint of the apparent Injury done to the Company, in printing what was really their Property, he had this Expresson,
viz. They have leem'd with a spurious Brat, which being clan destinely midwii/d into the World, the better to cover the Im posture, they lay it at your Majesty's Door, &c. This tho' the
King might have taken it (for sundry Reasons) as a Reflection upon his Royal Person, yet he was so far from resenting it that Way, that he only turned to one of the Lords that sat next him,
and said, This is a bold Fellow
the Stationers had the Matter declar'd by the Honourable
Board in their Favour.
About this Time the Popish Plot being discovered by Dr.
Oates and others, the Nation was for a while in a Ferment, and Matters run extreamly high in Disputes and Controversies, and he sail'd with the Current, declaring with much Heat and Violence against the Priests, Jesuites, and others of the Con spirators and Romish Faction ; as appeared not only by his vehement Expressions in pleading against 'em, but the Alacrity and little Concern that was visible in his Countenance, when at any Time, as Recorder of London, he past Sentence of Death
III warrant him. And indeed
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upon any of them, which he frequently did with more or less Reproach, and became in a Manner the Terror of that Party. But no sooner he perceived the Wind tacking at Court, and that there was some Misunderstanding between King Charles the Second and his Parliament, but he began to fall off, and grow cold in prosecuting the Ends of the Government, being frequently at Court, and labouring as much as in him lay to draw the Magistracy of the City after him ; as appears more especially by one Passage, viz. The King being recovered of an Indisposition, that had for some Time put the Kingdoms in a Fear and Doubt of his Life, the Lord Mayor and Aldermen went to congratulate him upon his going abroad; after which, and a favourable Reception, it was proposed by this Person, that they should in like manner wait upon his Royal Highness, then Duke of York, who was not long before returned from Flanders; but perceiving no Forwardness to be seconded, he only with his Father-in-Law stayed behind to gain that Access. These and other Proceedings created in the City a Jealousie, that he had espoused an Interest to their Prejudice, which wrought so strong in their Conceits, that it was concluded in the Council-chamber at Guild-Hall, that he should resign his
Recordership ; and accordingly they sent to him to deliver back the Papers and Writings they had entrusted him with, which accordingly was done, and Sir George Treby constituted Recorder in his stead.
This so netled him, that he now openly declared himself to be what before was only suspected, indulging his Thoughts in nothing more, than how he might revenge it upon the Dissenters, to whose Influence on the Court of Aldermen he attributed his
Dismission from the Recordership, and used his Endeavours to blacken them us much as he could. Yet all his Honour was not sunk; for he had prevailed for the Removal of Sir Job
Charleton from the Chief Justiceship of the County Palatine of Chester, and by the Importunity and Interest of his Party at Court, gained it for himself; and took the first Possession of that Charge in much Splendour, paying at that Time his Father a Visit with a numerous Train, which, as 'tis reported, put the Old Gentleman in such a Fret, for the drinking up his Cider, and devouring his Provisions, that he charged him with
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the undertaking to ruin him, by bringing a whole Country at his Heels, commanding him never to attempt the like Prodi gality again with Hopes of Success.
Many Petitions being put up upon the dissolving the Parlia ment, in 1682, by most of the Counties, and Burroughs, and Corporations of England, for the speedy calling another, to redress the Grievances of the Nation ; and the King shewing some Dislike of that Manner of Proceeding, this Person further to endear himself to the Interest of the Court, declared in his Station as vehemently against them, by saying, He abhorred that Petitioning, &c. from which, and the discountenancing the Petitioners as much as in him lay, he gain'd the Nameand Epithet of an Abhorrer; and upon the burning the Pope in Effigies at
Temple-Bar, upon the Birth-day of QueenElizabeth,a. mongst other Figures, the Arch-waggs had set one on HorIseback with his Face
to the Tail, and a Paper on his Back, viz.
During these Transactions, the Parliament being called, met
at Westminster, and amongst others, this Person was call'd before them, for attempting to intrench upon the Rights and Priviledges of the People, &>c. and obliged at the Bar of the Commons House (after having been heard what he could say in Defence of his Proceedings by his Council), to make his Ac knowledgment upon his Knees, and receive the Reprimand of the Speaker, whereupon, with some sharp Rebukes, as the Censure of the House, he was discharged.
To comfort him in this Affliction, that was not, by a Man of his haughty Spirit, a little stomached; this Parliament being dissolved, and a call of Serjeants had at the King's-Bench-Bar,
Westminster, he was the first in the Roll, and consequently the King's Serjeant ; and as it is usual to present the King with a Ring on that Occasion, the Motto he agreed to, was, A Deo Rex, a Rege Lex; viz. , The King from God, and the Law from the
King. And now the Popish Party playing their Cards with more Security, Edward Fitz-Harris, who had been impeached by the Commons, and stood charged by them of High-Treason being nevertheless, upon the Dissolution, tried at the King's- Bench-Bar, this Person was the principal Stickler against him, and by his Rhetorick and Florid Expressions, wrought so powerfully with the Jury, who were somewhat in Doubt what
am an Abhort-er.
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they should do in this Case, that they found him Guilty, and the Impeachment in Parliament set aside, he was executed as a Traitor at Tyburn: And soon after this, the Dissenters losing of their Esteem in the Eyes of the Court-Party, and some Jus tices of Peace of Middlesex being sharp upon them, this Person was chosen Chairman at the Sessions at Hicks-Hall, where he had an Opportunity to make them as he found his Time, see the Resentments of his Anger; but this Place being held too low for a Spirit winged with so large an Ambition, he aimed at higher Things, resolving, like Icarus, to be near the Sun,
tho' at the Hazard of melting his waxen Wings, dropping headlong into the Sea of inevitable Ruin. Whereupon per ceiving some hot Contests in the City of London, about the
Election of Magistrates and Officers, he turned the Edge of his Fury that Way, insomuch, that a Quo Warranto came down against the Charter of the Honourable City of London, and in fine, after much Pleading and Arguments pro 6-> contra, the Charter was surrendred, at least in Consent, by those that were in Power, and the King suspending the Execution of the Judgment obtained, caused such Orders to be observed as he thought most convenient, which being so well known to the
Citizens of London, it would appear a Presumption in me to enter upon Particulars ; yet the chiefest Cavil against the City was, taking the Toll of Markets, collecting Money to build Cheapside Conduit, Sr>c. Nor was it long after this, that several
Persons were tried for Rioters, who attended the Election of Sheriffs and Mayor, and Fines were passed upon many worthy Citizens, as Rioters on that Occasion ; in promoting which, this Person as a Counsellor by his florid Rhetorick was mainly in strumental, by giving the Court an Account of their respective Abilities, the better to settle the Fines; but the Lord Chief Justice Saunders dying, he succeeded him as Lord Chief Justice of the King? - Bench; in which Station he was scarcely settled, but he admitted the Popish Lords to Bail, that lay under an Impeachment in Parliament, and whose bailing had been refused by the Judges his Predecessors ; and now it was that he began more particularly to remember former
Affronts, an Example of which take in the Case of Elias Best, a Hop-
Merchant in Thames-street, viz.
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It so happened when this Person was Recorder of London, that a Jury, of which Best was one, having contrary to his Mind, acquitted a Party indicted at the Sessions of Peace in Guild-hall, for Printing and Publishing a Pamphlet, he in much Heat declared, that they had gone contrary to their Consciences, and stuck not to upbraid them with Perjury ; for which, as an high Affront put upon the Juries of London, they prayed the Court at the Old Baily, that they might prefer an Indictment against him ; and herein Mr. Best was the most active : But the Lord Chief Justice Scroggs then upon the Bench, after it had been a long Time argued and debated, told them, that the Sessions being almost at an End, it could not be tried, and
therefore he would desire them to refer it to the next Sessions, for the Recorder being a Person of Quality, he could not suffer him to lye under the Imputation of an Indictment so long ; but in the interim, he resigning his Recordership, the Business fell, and came to nothing ; but soon after it seems, Mr. Best had drank an Health to the pious Memory of Stephen Colledge departed, meaning the Joyner that was executed at Oxford, for which he was indicted upon an Information, and found Guilty ; yet he being at large, thought fit to withdraw himself to avoid the Rigour of the Fine, Sr>c. when so it fell out, that this Person going the Circuit as Lord Chief Justice, accompanied with a great many on Horseback, Mr. Best came by, and asked one of the Company what Judge that was ? Who replied, the Lord Chief Justice Jeffreys, and he unadvisedly told that Party his Name was Best, and desired him to remember his Service to his Lordship ; upon notice of which he immediately caused him to
be fetched back, and committed him to York Goal, from whence he was brought by Habeas Corpus to the King's-Bench, and imprisoned for a Fine of ^500, &r*c. Another instance of the Greatness of his Stomach, tho' in another Nature, is that which so remarkably happen'd at Kingston upon Thames, at the Mid summer-Assizes held there for the County of Surrey, 1679. At this Assize being Counsel in a Case upon Nisi prius, before Sir Richard Weston, one of the Barons of the Exchequer, and desiring to ingross all the Questions, without suffering those on the other Side to ask the Witness what was convenient in carrying on, and managing the Cause ; he was desired by the
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Judges to hold his Tongue, Sfc. upon which some Words pass ing, this Person told him, He did not use him like a Counsellor, curbing him in the managing his Breviates, &c. to which the Judge fiercely replied, Ha! Since the King has thrown his Favours upon you, in making you Chief Justice of Chester, you think to run down every Body; if you find yourself aggrieved, make your Complaint, here's no Body cares for it. And this Person replying, That he had not been used to make Complaints, but rather stopped those that were made; when being again commanded to hold his Tongue, he sat down and wept for Anger, &c. And here by the way it will not be amiss to let the Reader have a Taste of some Passages that happened on the publick Stage of Business, in the Jocular part of this great Man's Life, and the Repartees he met with, of which I
lhall instance a few :
Once it happened upon a Trial, that a plain Country fellow,
giving Evidence in the Court, and pressing it home, moved this Person, who was Counsel on the other Side, to pick a Quarrel with this poor Man's Leather Doublet, and amongst other In terrogations, bawl'd out, You fellow in the Leather Doublet, pray what have you for swearing ? The Man upon this, looked
steadily on Ihim, replied, Truly, Sir, ifyou have no more for
lying than
Doublet as well as I. This bluntly retorted, moved at that Time much Laughter, and filled the Town with the Discourse
have Swearing, you might wear a Leather for
of it.
Another Time it fell out, that some Musicians brought an
Action against a Person, at whose Wedding-day they had play'd, for the Money they were promised or expected, when in the midst of the Evidence, this Person called to one of them, viz. You Fiddler, &c. at which the Man seeming disgusted, he again, upon the Party's- alledging himself to be a Musician, demanded, What Difference there was between a Musician and a Fiddler? As much, Sir, said he, as there is between a pair of Bag-pipes and a Recorder. And he then being Recorder of London, it was taken as a suitable Repartee.
A Country Gentleman having Married a City Orphan, comes and demands her Fortune, which was about ,£1100, but by all the Friends that he could make, could not procure it, till he
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goes to Jeffreys, then Recorder, and gave him 100 Guineas to be his Friend to get out his Wife's Fortune, upon which Jeffreys told him, that the Court of Aldermen would sit such a Day ; the Gentleman appearing, was call'd in, Jeffreys being present, who ask'd him, Sirrah, what's your Business ? Upon which the Gentleman told him, That he had Married a City Orphan, and desired he might have her Portion o' th' Chamber ; upon which Jeffreys ask'd him, If he had askt the Consent of the Court of Aldermen ? He told him, No. Upon which he call'd him Rogue, Rascal, Sirrah, you should have ask'd Leave from the Court for such a Marriage. He told him he under stood not the Custom o' th' City, and begg'd their Pardon, being a Country Gentleman. Upon this Jeffreys abus'd him again : but afterwards gives him a Note for his Money ; his publick Railing upon him being only to blind the Court, that they might not suspect him bribed.
Jeffreys (when Chief Justice) being at a Country Assize, try ing a Cause, an old Man with a great Beard came to give Evidence before him, and not doing it to his Mind, he began to cavil with his Beard, and amongst other Expressions told him,
That if his Conscience was as large as his Beard, he might well swear any thing. This so netled the old Blade, that without any Respect to his Greatness, he briskly replied, My Lord, if
you go about to measure Consciences by Beards, your Lordship has none.
The Lord Jeffreys at another time making a Speech to the Grand Jury, particularly charged them to be severe against the Protestant Dissenters ; during the Time of the Charge he espied
his old Schoolmaster, and pointed at him particularly, saying, That is one of them. Many more of this kind might be men tioned, but not being greatly to the Purpose, they are willingly
omitted. Which the Reader will be apt to believe, if he ex amines his Dealings with Mr. Moses Pitt, Bookseller, which that I may set in their true Light, I shall give 'em in Mr. Pitt's own words, as I find 'em in his Treatise, entituled, The City of the Oppressed, p. 105, which are as follows :
Among several Houses I built both in King-street and Duke- street, Westminster, just against the Bird-Cages in St. James's Park, which just as I was a finishing, I lett to the Lord
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Chancellor Jeffreys, with Stables and Coach-houses to for £300 per Annum. After which, when he the said Chancellor came to see the House, (Alderman Duncomb, the great Banker being with him) and looking about him, saw between the House and St. James's Park an idle piece of Ground, he told me, He would have a Cause-Room built on it. told him that the Ground was the King's. He told me that he knew was but he would beg the Ground of the King, and give me He also bid me make my own Demands, and give him in Writ ing, the which did and unto which he did agree, and com manded me immediately to pull down the Park-Wall, and to build as fast as could, for he much wanted the said Cause- room. My Agreement with him was, That he should beg ofKing James all the Ground without the Park- Wall, between Webbs and Storey's inclusive; which said Ground Twenty-Five Foot in Breadth, and near Seven Hundred Foot in length (to the best of my Memory) for Ninety Nine Years, at a Pepper
corn per Annum, and he, the said Lord Chancellor, was to make over the said King's Grant to me for the said Number of Years, without any Alterations, with Liberty to pull down, or build on
the King's Wall, and to make a Way and Lights into the King's Park, according as pleas'd. In Consideration of my building on the said Ground of the Kings's, and the said Lord
Chancellor's Enjoyment of during his Occupation of the said House. All which the Lord Chancellor agreed to. For that purpose he sent for Sir Christopher Wren, his Majesty's Sur veyor, and my self, and ordered Sir Christopher to take Care to have the said Ground measured, and Platform taken of and that Writings and Deeds be prepared for to pass the Great Seal. Sir Christopher ask'd the said Lord Chancellor, in whose Name
the Grant was to pass, whether in his Lordship's or Mr. Pitt's The Chancellor replied, That the King had granted him the Ground for Ninety Nine Years, at Pepper-corn per Annum, and that he was to make over the said Grant to his Landlord Pitt, for the same Term of Years, without any Alteration, in
Consideration of his said Landlord Pitt building him a Cause- Room, &*c. and his the said Lord Chancellor's enjoying the same during his living in the said Pitt's House and withal urg'd him the said Pitt immediately to take down the King's
:
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Park-wall, and to build with all Expedition ; for he much wanted the Cause-room, and that I should not doubt him, for he would certainly be as good as his Agreement with me. My Witnesses are, Sir Christopher Wren, his Majesty's Surveyor, Mr. Fisher deceas'd, who belong'd to Sir C. Harbord, his Majesty's Land
Surveyor, Mr. Joseph Avis, my Builder, Mr. Thomas Blud- worth, Mr. John Arnold, both Gentlemen belonging to the said Lord Chancellor, and several others ; upon which I had a Warrant from Mr. Cook, out of the Secretary of State's
Office, in the Lord Chancellor's Name, with King James's Hand and
Seal, to pluck down the King's Wall, and make a Door and Steps, Lights, cVv. into the Park, at Discretion ; which said Warrant cost me £6 5s. Upon which, in about three or four Months Time I built the two Wings of that great House, which is opposite to the Bird-cages, with the Stairs, and Tarrass, cW. which said Building cost me about Four Thousand Pounds, with all the Inside-work : My Workmen being employed by the said Lord Chancellor to fit up the said House, and also Offices, and Cause-Room for his Use ; for all which he never paid me one Farthing.
When I had finished the said Building, I demanded of him several Times my Grant of the said Ground from the King ; he often promised me, that I should certainly have it ; but I being very uneasie for want of my said Grant, I wrote several Times to him, and often waited to speak with him, to have it done ; but at last I found I could have no Access to him, and that I spent much Time in waiting to speak with him, altho' I lived just over-against his Door ; and also I consider'd that he could not be long Lord Chancellour of England, King William being just come. I got into the Parlour where he was, many
Tradesmen being with him that he had sent for ; I told him, that I did not so earnestly demand my Rent, which was near half a Year due, but I demanded of him my Grant from King James of the Ground we had agreed for, in Consideration of my Building. He told me, That he would leave my House, and that he should not carry away the Ground and Building with him ; which was all the Answer I could have from him. And the very next Day he went into Whitehall, and had the Jesuite Peter's Lodging, where he lay till that Tuesday Morning
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King James first Abdicated, and went away with Sir Edward Hales ; the said Lord Chancellour should have gone with them,
but they dropt him ; so that Morning finding them to be gone, he was fain to shift for himself, and to fly with a Servant, or at most two, with him, and soon after taken and sent to the Tower, where he since died.
Jeffreys prosecuted Mr. Baxter for his Paraphrase upon the New Testament, and sent him to prison ; he coming out by an Habeas Corpus, was fain to abscond in the country (in con stant Pain) till the Term. Then his oft Waitings at the Bar (where he could not stand) and then to be railingly treated by Jeffreys and Withins, and called Rogue and Knave, and not suffered to speak one Word of Answer for himself, and his Councel being reviled that offered to speak for him, was far harder to him than his Imprisonment. And then going from the Bar, he only said, That his Predecessor thought otherwise of him. Jeffreys reply'd, There was not an honest Man in
England that took him not for a Knave; not excepting the King, that had given him another Testimony in Words.
But to return to the Thred of this Discourse; passing by his vehement and pressing Discourse to the Jury against William Lord Russel, on his Trial at the Old Baily, which, some say, greatly influenced them to find him guilty; and add, That he did it out of a Pique, in Remembrance he was one of the Mem bers of the Parliament before whom he was brought on his knees. We find him by this Time trying of Dr. Titus Oates, upon two Informations, upon the Account of his swearing to the White- Horse-CoTisWiX. , and Ireland's being in Town ; and after a long Debate, wherein many Repartees passed, the Jury made a shift to find him guilty ; as to the Circumstances, I refer you to the
Trial ; but the Sentence was severe, and of its Effects few are ignorant, wherefore I shall pass it over, as also Mr. Thomas Dangerfield, another of the Evidences in discovering the Con trivances, and carrying on of the Popish Plot, which the Papists by these manner of Proceedings accounted to be effectually stifled. And now before any thing remarkable happened, the Kingdom was alarm'd with the Landing of the late Duke of Monmouth at Lyme, in Dorsetshire, and the Earl of Argyle in Scotlandj but however these two unfortunate Gentlemen mis
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carrying, and losing their lives, left a great many of their miserable Followers to feel the Severity of Punishment ; and as for the gleaning the bloody Fields in England, they came to the sitting of this Person, who with others going down with a Commission to try them, all the Indignities the Dissenters had put upon him, came fresh into his Remembrance, so that he made them find the Laws more cruel than the Sword, and wish they had fallen in the field, rather than come to his Handling ;
for he breathed Death like a destroying Angel, and sanguined his very Ermins in Blood : A large Account of which you shall
have in its proper Place.
But by the Way, for the sake of the West-Country Reader,
I shall here add a true and impartial Narrative of the late Duke of Monmouth's whole Expedition while in the West, seeing that was the Prologue to that bloody Scene that you will hear by and by, was acted by George Lord Jeffreys, (the Subject of our present Discourse. )
To begin then, May 24, Old Style, we left Amsterdam about Two of the Clock, being Sunday Morning, and in a Lighter sail'd for the Texel, our Vessels being sent before us thither ; but meeting with extreme cross Winds all the Way, we arrived not till Saturday Night, and then went all on Board. Here our Man of War with about 32 Guns (where the Duke's Person was) was under an Arrest by Order of the States of Amsterdam on the Complaint of our Envoy, they presuming we had been clear, but we broke through our Arrest, and Sunday Morning, at break of Day, set Sail for England. We had in all three
Ships; that of 32 Guns carried most of our Men, the other two were for our Ammunition. We met with exceeding cross Winds, most part of the Time we spent on the Seas, and arrived not at Lyme till Thursday, June 11, so that from Amsterdam to Lyme we wanted but two Days of three weeks.
We landed without any the least Opposition, and were re ceived with all Expressions of Joy imaginable ; the Duke, as soon as he jumped out of his Boat on Land, call'd for Silence, and then desir'd we would join with him in returning God Thanks for that wonderful Preservation we had met with at Sea, and accordingly fell on his Knees on the Sand, and was
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the Mouth of us all in a short Ejaculation, and then immediately- well Armed, as many as we were, entered the Town.
Friday the whole Day was spent in listing of Men, which flocked to us so fast, that we could scarce tend them with Arms.
The like on Saturday also ; and then about ten of the Clock at Night, 300 of our Men were sent to Bridport, about six English Miles off, to storm that Town betimes in the Morning, which we did accordingly, taking many Prisoners out of their Lodgings ; and had not our Soldiers been a little too eager of Plunder, we had made a good Day's Work on't ; but there lying about a Wood some of the King's Forces, we were forced to retreat, losing three or four Men, and killing several of theirs, and taking eight Prisoners ; this was the first Action which he had.
Sunday also was spent in Listing, and Monday Morning ; but in the Afternoon we marched out of Lyme for Axminster, a little Town four Miles off ; our Party was near 2000 Foot, and 300 Horse, though we landed not full an hundred Men, and all these in the Space of four Days : About two Miles from Lyme we espied the Duke of Albermarle, with about 4000 Men, designing that Night to quarter in the same Town, which we had News of in the Way ; yet we marched on in good Order, and came into the Town, lined all the Hedges, planted our
Field-pieces, and expected nothing more than that we should give 'em Battel, they being not an English Mile from the Town ; they made towards us as soon as they heard that we were there; but the Duke of Albermarle finding his Men to be all Militia-Men of the County of Devonshire, and that they had no Stomach to fight against Monmouth, retreated, when he came within a Quarter of an English Mile of the Town. He came from Exon with these Forces, intending to lay a Siege against Lyme, presuming we could not be ready in so short a Time ; but finding us so well prepared to receive him, he wisely
retired, his Men being in great Disorder and Confusion, sup posing we had pursued them, which was Debated; but the Duke said, It was not his Business to fight yet, till his Men had been a little disciplin'd, but rather to make up into the Country as fast as possible, to meet his friends, not questioning but there would have been in several Parts of the Kingdom some Action
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on the News of his Success : But this in the End proved fatal to us ; for had we but follow'd them, we had had all their Arms, several more Men, and might have march'd in two Days with little or no Opposition, to the very Gates of Exon, the Country Troops resolving not to fight us ; and several came to us that Night with their Arms. But missing this Opportunity, we march'd on for Taunton, lodging at several small Towns by the Way, which still received us as kindly as possible, and all the Way met with the loud Acclamations of the Country, praying God to succeed our Arms.
Thursday we came to Taunton, about twenty Miles from Lyme. To give a particular Account of our Reception here, would be too tedious ; the Streets so throng'd with People, we could scarce enter, all endeavouring to manifest their Joy at his
Coming, and their Houses, Doors, and Streets garnished with green Boughs, Herbs, and Flowers, all the Emblems of Pros perity.
The next Day, twenty six young Gentlewomen, Virgins, with Colours ready made at the Charge of the Townsmen, presented them to his Grace; the Captain of them went before with a Naked Sword in one Hand, and a small Curious Bible in the other, which she presented also, making a short Speech, at which the Duke was extremely satisfied, and assured her, He came now in the Field, with a Design to defend the Truths contained therein, and to seal it with his Blood, if there shoul'd be an Occasion for it. Nothing now could content the Country, but he must be proclaimed King, which he seemed exceeding averse to ; and really I am of Opinion, from his very Heart.
They said, The Reason why the Gentry of England moved not, was because he came on a Common-wealth Principle: This being the Cry of all the Army, he was forced to yield to it ; and accordingly Saturday Morning he was Proclaimed : In the Afternoon came out three PROCLAMATIONS, one setting a Sum of Money on the King's Head, as he had done before by the other : The Second, Declaring the Parliament of England, A Seditious Assembly ; and if they did not separate before the End of June, to give Power and Authority to any that would
attempt to lay hold of them as Rebels and Traitors : The Third, To declare the Duke of Albermarle a Traitor, (who now lay X2
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within six Miles of us, having had Time to rally his Men) if he laid not down his Arms ; forthwith also a Message was sent to command him ; but he sent Word, That he was a Subject to JAMES the Second, the late King's Brother, and that he knew no other Lord.
We tarried here till Sunday Morning, and then march'd for Bridgwater, seven Miles from thence : We were now between four and five thousand Men, and had we not wanted Arms, could have made above ten thousand. We were received here as in other Places, but did little more than Read our Declaration, which we did also in all other Towns, the Magistrates standing by in their Gowns ; and likewise our Proclamation, and so march'd forward for Glassenbury ; from Glassenbury we design'd for Bristol, three Days March from that Place, designing to attack it : Accordingly we arrived at Canshum-Bridge, a little Town, three Miles English from Bristol, intending to enter next Morning, the Duke of Beauford being there with a Garrison of about Four Thousand Men; being here lodg'd in the Town, we were on a sudden alarm'd with the Noise of the Approach of
the Enemy, being in no small Confusion on this unsuspected News : The Duke sent one up the Tower to see whether he could discover them marching ; as soon as he came up, he saw them at the very Entrance into the Town fighting with our Men.
Here we had a small Skirmish, our Men being in the Fields ad joining to the Town, refreshing themselves ; but it lasted not long, for before he could bring Word, they were fled, being not
above sixty Horsemen. They did us mischief, killed and woun ded about twenty Men, whereas we killed none of theirs, only took four Prisoners and their Horses, . and wounded my Lord Nuburg, that it was thought mortal ; they came thither, think
ing it had been their own Forces ; and had not our undisciplin'd Fellows been a little too eager, and suffer'd 'em to come a little further on, they would have entered the Town, and we must
have had every Man of them ; their Infantry was following, but on their Return came not forward. These Forces being so near, and Bristol being so well mann'd also, the Duke was loth to pass the Bridge for Bristol, though some Gentlemen that came
over with us, and were proscribed upon the Account of the former Plot, being Bristol Men, and knew the Hearts of the
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Townsmen, begg'd him heartily to proceed towards offering themselves to go in the Head of them into the Town, by some private Ways which they knew, assuring him, They would make no Resistance, but could not persuade him which had we been Possessors of, we could not have wanted Money nor Arms, the only Things needful for us in that Juncture for had we but had Arms, am persuaded we had by this Time had at the least
twenty thousand Men and would not then have been diffi cult for us to have march'd to London, with the Recruit of Bristol, the King not being able to make 7000 Men for the gaining of so many Kingdoms. But God saw not fit for us, and over-ruled our Consultations to our own Ruin for this was in the Top of our Prosperity and yet all the while, not Gentle
man, more than went over with us, came to our Assistance.
So we march'd on to Bath; we lay before in the Afternoon, and sent in our Trumpeter to demand the Town, but they re
fused to give us Entrance, having a strong Garrison, being a stout People, and a strong Place. Having no Mind to spend Time in laying Sieges, we march'd on that Day to a little Town called Phillips-Norton, and there lay that Night, being now Sunday the 26th of June, Old Style Saturday Morning, pre paring for Frome, we were drawing out our Bagage for our March, and on sudden were alarmed with the Appearance of the Enemy, who had entered the Town, and had lined all the Hedges, and began to fire on us Here we began the briskest Rencounter we yet had, and for an Hour or more we had a ' brisk Skirmish but at last we beat them back, killing about thirty which lay in the Place and we lost about ten in all, and a few wounded They retreating with their whole Army, pitched within a Mile of the Town and we went out also, and pitched near them, but out of Musket-shot, playing Cannon one on another for some Hours they killed us but one Man all the while, but with ours we did great Execution, having the Advan tage of the Ground so at last they retreated, and have been told, lost some hundreds of Men in the Battel, both killed and wounded So we marched on for Frome, a Town where we were as well beloved as at Taunton, were we wanted for nothing but Arms, which were by a Stratagem taken from them few Days before our Entrance. Here came the unexpected News
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of Argyl/s being defeated, and likewise of the Advance of the King's Forces from London with considerable Bagage, and thirty Field-Pieces. On this News, together with our Want of Money and Arms, (not seeing which Way to avoid these Forces) we were at a Stand, and not a little non-plus d. 'Twas at last agreed on, that we that came with the Duke, should get good Horses that Night, and so for Pool, a little Sea-port Town not
far off, where we were to seize a Ship, and set forth for Hol land again, leaving our Infantry to the Mercy of the Country.
This was much like that Resolution of the Hollanders, in the Time of the Civil War with Spain, being, as we then were, in Despair of making better Terms, and not daring to enter Salis bury-Plain, because their Horse being so much better than ours, their Men being all Disciplin'd, ours not, we could not face them in so plain and open a Country, so that we retreated backward : In the mean time resolving to see what London would do, having a good Opportunity offer^ them : The Soldiers
• being call'd forth, and not two thousand Men to be had for their Defence, if they had but attempted any thing ; this disheartened our Men, and several of them coming home to their own Country, having felt by Experience the Hardships of War, withdrew from us.
We came well back again to Bridgwater, and were received with wonted Love ; we arrived here on Friday the 3rd of July, and resolved here to fortifie, so as to hold our Ground till we heard from London. Saturday in the Afternoon News was brought of the Approach of the King's Forces within a Mile and a half of the Town where they had encamped ; the Duke went up into the Tower, and there took a View of them, and seeing them so careless, and their Horse at some Distance from the Army, in a little Town, the Infantry being in Sedge-Moore. He called a Council on and was concluded on, that we should fall on them in the dead of the Night accordingly having a Guide to conduct us on in a private Way, we march'd out at about Eleven of the Clock in the Night, and about One
fell on them in their Tents. There was a Ditch between us, and the Guide promised to conduct 'em over an easie fordable Place, but our Men seeing the Enemy just before them, ran furiously on, and lost the Guide, so that while they endeavoured
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to recover over that Place, the Enemy got on their Legs, and put themselves in Order, and now began as fierce a Battel as perhaps ever was fought in England in so short a Time ; our Foot fought as well as ever Foot fought, but not a Horse came up ; had our Horse but assisted, we must have beaten them out of the Field. But our Horses would not stand at the Noise of Drums and Guns, so that we soon lost two of our Pieces of Ordnance, and we had but four in all, and then but one more in the Field ; our Foot flung most of their Shot over, so that the Men for the most Part were killed in the Rear, and that run, but the Front stood still ; and had we done as much Execution in the Front, as we did in the Rear, the Day had been our own ; but God would not have their Time was not yet come By this Time their Horses came up, and having six or eight hundred good disciplin'd Men, well mounted and well arm'd, ours neither our Foot having shot away all their Ammunition, and our Bagage being not then in the Field, they were forced to retreat, being all in Confusion.
Having no Money left, and our Party thus unexpectedly re pulsed, the Duke seeing he could not hold it. any longer, fled with my Lord Gray.
The Duke's Party was said to be about three thousand Foot, and a thousand House we had more, at least five thousand Men and Horse, but not well arm'd, yet in the Field. 'Tis said we lost not above three hundred, and they Foot But after when we were routed, in our Retreat, lost vast many more though
they pursued not in some Hours after.
The most remarkable Persons that were taken in this total
Rout, were Colonel Holmes, Major Perrot, the Constable of Crookhorn, and Mr. Williams, Servant to the late Duke of Monmouth.
After the Field was clear of the Duke's Men, the Earl of Feversham marched with five hundred Foot, and a Party of Horse and Dragoons to Bridgwater, where he found the Duke's Forces that were left there, fled and dispersed into several Places When his Lordship having left . these Men in the Town, under the Command of Colonel Kirk, and hearing the late Duke of Monmouth was fled with about fifty Horse, the greatest Number of the Duke's Men that were left together, he sent out divers
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Parties in pursuit of him and others that fled the Field. When on the 7th of July, about Five in the Morning, some of the Lord
Men seiz'd the Lord Gray and another Person near Holt-Lodge in Dorsetshire, four Miles from the West of Ring- wood; and the said Lord Lumly making further Enquiry among the Cotts, was informed by one Anna Ferrant, that two Men went over a Hedge, proving to be the Out-bounds of many In- closures, some of which were overgrown with Fern, others with
Pease and Oats ; but Guards being set upon the Avenues, after divers Attempts to escape, the Brandenburg, one of the Parties observed to enter the Ground, was taken on the 8th of July, about five in the Morning, who confessing he departed from the
. late Duke of Monmouth about One of the Clock that Morning in the Outbounds, diligent Search was made ; when about Eleven of the Clock the same Morning he was found, by one Henry Parking, hid in a Ditch, covered with Fern, who calling others to assist Him, the said late Duke was in the End taken, and together with the Lord Grey and the Brandenburgh, with a Guard brought by easie Journies to Whitehall, where they ar rived on the 13th of July, and after some Examination were committed to the Tower, when on Wednesday the 15th of July, the late Duke of Monmouth, pursuant to a Warrant signed for his Execution, upon his Attainder of High-Treason, was deli vered to the Sheriffs of London and Middlesex, ahout Ten in the
Morning, and conducted to a Scaffold erected on Tower-Hill, where after about half an Hour's Continuance, he laying down his Head, had it stricken off by the Executioner, the which, together with his Body, being put into a Coffin covered with Velvet, were carried away in a Velvet-covered Hearse, in Order to his Interment.
After the Duke was beheaded, many Prisoners taken, and those that fled by Parcels up and down, secured in divers Goals, in Order to their Prosecution, as was said, according to Law ; which was the Occasion of this great Man's shewing his Parts to that Degree as he did, no one else being fit to be made a Tool for such a Bloody Tragedy as he acted.
He went not only Judge, but had a Breviate under King
Luml/s
Hand, to command what Troops he pleas'd to attend his Commands from Place to Place. And was Lieutenant
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General, as well as Judge, and he gave daily the Word, and Orders for going the Rounds, dr'c. and ordered what Party of Troops he pleased to attend him. When Major C d, who commanded the first Regiment of Guards, the Dragoons, who were as his Life-Guard, when at the Head of the Troop follow ing Jeffreys from Somersetshire to Wiltshire, in Order for Lon don, after the Assizes, the Major asked Jeffreys, If there would be any favour shewn to one Mr. Speake, who was not the Speake intended ? Jeffreys said, No, his Family owed a Life, he should die for his Name-sake, because one of the Family and Name was guilty of being in the Action, but was escaped, and therefore this being his Brother, should die. Jeffreys demanded of the Major, How many he thought there was killed by the Soldiers ?
He replied, a Thousand, Quoth Jeffreys, I believe I have con demned as many as that myself. —'Tis to be remembred, that the Fellow call'd Tory Tom, at Wells, for his dirty Sauciness was sent to the Guard by his Major ; when presently this Tory Tom petitioned some Persons to intercede with the Major and sent the Major a Letter, desiring his Liberty ; for that if he or any
one should give Tory Tom an ill word to Judge Jeffreys, the Judge would hang him right or wrong with the rest of the Pri soners, or condemn him at least ; so, upon his Submission, the Major discharged him, and did not leave him to the Mercy of his own Tory Judge.
The Trials in the West were deferred (for some time after the fatal Blow given to the Duke of Monmouth on Tower-Hill, which was the 1 5th of July following) because of my Lord's being at Tunbridge; but the latter end of August, he with a special Commission of Oyer and Terminer, assisted with four other Judges, set forward with a Party of Horse, he being made by special Commission their General. The first Place he came
at, was Winchester, where were divers Prisoners on Suspicion ; but here began the Tragedy ; for the Lady Lisle was there Ar raigned for High-Treason, in harbouring Mr. Hicks and Mr. Nelthrope, that had been concerned with the Duke ; the Lady being on her Trial, the Jury were dissatisfied once and again, but my Lord's Threats and other Managery, so disposed the
Jury, that at last they brought the Lady in Guilty ; on which he
pronounced
the Sentence of Death on her, as usual in such
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Cases ; but she had the Favour of being beheaded ; their other Prisoners were carried to Salisbury; and this was the most remarkable Thing at that Assizes.
From thence they set forward for Salisbury, where were many- Prisoners that had been pick'd up and down the Country, then in the Goal, the which, with those that were brought from
Winton, were ordered to be carried to Dorchester, there not being Evidence enough to accomplish what was then designed by my Lord ; so that little of Moment passed there, but to pur sue the Matter, proceeds from thence to Dorchester, where he with his Assistants, Gown-men and Sword-men, arrived on the 3d of September, on which day, being Thursday, the Commission was read. Friday Morning was an Excellent Sermon preached before their Lordships, by a worthy Divine, Chaplain to a worthy
Person of that Country, much tending to Mercy : It was ob served, that while my Lord Chief Justice was in Church at Prayers, as well as at Sermon, he was seen to laugh ; which was so unbecoming a Person in his Character, that ought in so
weighty an Affair as he was then entering upon, to have been more serious, and have craved the Assistance of God Almighty. The Sermon being over, their Lordships repaired to the Court, which by Order of the Lord Chief Justice was hung with Red
Cloth, a Colour suitable to such a succeeding Bloody Tragedy, being accompanied by a numerous Company of the Gentry of that County, as well as the Flower of the Neighbouring Counties of Somerset and Devonshire, and then proceeded to give his Charge ; in which Charge, by Reason of the Severity of his
Sentiments, and Positions laid down to make Discoveries of all such as were Abettors, Aidors, or Assisters to the late Duke of Monmouth, on Pain of High-Treason, which was a great Sur prise to all the Auditors, and so vehemently urged, and so passionately expressed, as seemed rather the Language of a Romish Inquisitor, than a Protestant Judge; and then Ad journed until Eight of the Clock next Morning, when was a Bill found against thirty Persons charg'd for High-Treason, for aiding and assisting the late Duke of Monmouth; who put
themselves on their Trials, notwithstanding my Lord's Threat-
ning, That if any did put themselves on Trial, and the Country found them Guilty, they should have but a little Time to live.
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And at the same time insinuated, That it were better to plead Guilty, ifthey expected any Favour.
These thirty being on Trial, the Evidences being sworn and examined before the Jury : Upon the whole, by the violent Deportment of the Lord Chief Justice, and Sharpness of the Jury, they found twenty nine Guilty, though some of them were very hardly dealt with, and not so Criminal as my Lord and the Country imagined. Particularly amongst the twenty nine, were Mr. Matthew Bragg of Thorncomb, and Joseph Speed of Culliton, in the County of Devonshire, and Mr. Smith, Con stable of Chardstock, in the said County, and George Steward of Culliton aforesaid. The Circumstances of each of these, and the Severity of their being found Guilty, &>c. shall be shewed in his proper Place, before we take Leave of this Town, and proceed on in this Western Expedition.
The said twenty nine being found (as before) Guilty, my Lord immediately pronounced Sentence of Death on them all, as usual in Cases of High-Treason, and did the same Night give a Warrant to the Sheriff for the Execution of thirteen of the twenty nine on Monday following ; which accordingly was done, notwithstanding great Application was made to the Lord Chief Justice by Gentlemen of the best Quality, in this and the neigh bouring Counties, for a Reprieve of Mr. Bragg, to all which he was deaf, and not to be prevailed upon, though he was assured of his Honesty, and true Conformity to the Church of England, yet it availed nothing. At last it was only requested for ten Days Respite, yet that had no better effect ; but on Monday he with twelve more of that Number were accordingly executed at Dorchester.
In the mean time this Proceeding was design'd to shorten Business, and to wheedle the rest that were to follow to a Con fession, which without it the tenth Part of them could not be
proved Guilty. A Method was also taken without President, to entrap many poor ignorant People, by a couple of Officers that were sent into the Gaol, to call over, and to take the Names of the Prisoners, on Promise, if they confest, they might expect Mercy, otherwise not ; which many did. And this was written so, that had they pleaded Not Guilty, these two were designed to have been Evidences against them from their own Confes
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sions, which so disposed the remaining great Numbers, that all, except a very few, pleaded Guilty, which put an End to any further Trial.
The only Thing remaining, was the pronouncing of Sentence on them, which were in Number 292, who received Sentence of Death all at once. One Mr. Lawrence put himself on Trial, but by the Jury found Guilty, whose Case was heard, his Cir cumstances being so small to be condemned to die ; and had
actually suffered, had not Application been made to my Lord's Favourites, and with the Payment and securing of 400/. pre served him from Execution.
This Matter being adjusted, and Execution awarded to about eighty, which were executed, and their Quarters set up and down the Country to the Dread of the Spectators, as well as the
Annoyance of the Travellers. His extraordinary Whippings, tho' unmerciful, are not to be taken Notice of. So we leave this Place, and proceed towards the City of Exon. In their Way thither, lying at an Honourable Gentleman's House, divers of the neighbouring Parishes made their Petitions to the Lord Chief Justice in the behalf of some Relations concerned. It happened, that thro' some Disorder amongst his Servants, some Pistols were fired that Night, which gave him a Suspicion, or at
least he took of some Design upon him on which at parting he said, Not a Man of all those Parishes that were of that
Vicinitude, found Guilty, should escape. And so we proceed, and arrive at Exon, where to the Number of 243, Prisoners being in Custody for assisting the said Duke of Monmouth one amongst the rest, Mr. Fower Acers, pleading Not Guilty, he being found by the Jury, the said Lord Chief Justice imme
diately pronounc'd Sentence upon him, and immediate Execu tion, which was done to terrifie the rest, who all pleaded Guilty; so that these unfortunate People had not time to have the Fair ness of Trials allow'd them, which a Right due by the laws of God and Man. The remaining Number he all condemned and here was little sparing not so many ordertt Execution as was in the other County, but those that were executed, were hung up and down in most Towns of the County, and their
Quarters and Heads scatter'd up and down the High-ways and publick Places. An extraordinary Sentence of severe Whipping
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was pronounced against Mr. Samuel Staple of Thorncomb in the said County ; but these are Trifles, and we shall endeavour to pursue our Design, and make as quick Dispatch as we can, that Time may not be lost, the King served, and this Miscreant's Thirst quenched with Protestant Blood, which is always well pleasing to Inquisitors, and so proceed to the town of Taunton. At which Place being arrived, it was thought fit by the Lord Chief Justice to be as expeditious as might be ; so that late in the Afternoon the Court sat, where the Commission being read, he proceeded to give the Charge, which was so very keen and full of sharp Inventives, as if the Country itself had not been able to make Expiation to his Lordship, to quench his Thirst in the
Blood of those that ventured their All in Defence of the Protes tant Religion; and here we enter upon the bloodiest Part of the Tragedy ; in this town, and at Wells in the said County, were more than 500 Prisoners.
To begin at Taunton : The next Morning after the Charge given, the Assizes began, where some few put themselves on Trial, who were found Guilty, and immediately order'd to be executed ; of which Number one Mr. Simon Hamlin was one,
who was a zealous worthy good Man, and his Case no way dan gerous, but on the. contrary, had he had to do with a Judge of
another Stamp. To proceed to the rest :
caused the rest to plead Guilty in Hopes of Favour, which was only a few Days to live, which those that pleaded had not. Amongst these at Taunton were divers eminent Persons that had been taken in the West, and carried to London, and brought down there to compleat the bloody Tragedy in those Parts : Mr. Parrot, Mr. Hewling, the Elder, Mr. Lisle, Mr. Jenkins, Mr. Hucker, and divers others were very eminent. To take Notice of every Particular in this Matter, will alter our Design, and swell the Book to too great a Bulk, being only designed for a Pocket-Companion, and useful it may be to see the Cruelty of Men when in their Power, and how the Devil stirreth up his Instruments, to pursue those that adventure for the Cause of God and Religion. Here were in this Country executed 239. The rest that were condemned were transported, except such as were able to furnish Coin, and that not a little ; for an Account was taken of Mens Abilities, according to which the Purchase
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for Life must be managed by two of his Favourites, who had a small Share, the rest went into his Lordship's Pocket ; accord ing to the Actions of Rome, where Sins of any kind may be
for Money. This indeed was a Glorious Design in the Eye of Mother Church, to root out Heresie by Executions and Transportations, to make Room for a Pack ; here Expedi tion must be made, to conclude at Wells; for that a great Man being fallen, our great Judge designing his chair, which in short he had, as the Reward of so eminent and extraordinary a Piece of Service as he did for the Advancement of the Roman Catho- licks Interest, which is cruel always where it prevails.
Thus we leave the town of Taunton, after awarding Execu tion to many there, and their Quarters to be scatter'd up and down the Country, and so we proceed to Wells, where divers
Prisoners that had been carried from Goal to Goal, in Expec tation of Evidence against them, were in Carts removed to Wells ; in which Place, to finish this Expedition, the same Method as was at the former Assizes, was also taken here by a
severe Charge, affronting the Gentlemen of this County, as he had done in all the Counties before, terrifying the Juries (when any pleaded) to make them to bring in the Persons Guilty ; some of which being over-awed, and it is doubted, contrary to their Judgments ; which if so, the Lord forgive them.
Here were many eminent and worthy Persons that received the Sentence of Death, but the Executions of the County being put together, as you have before seen, we make no particular Division of the Number here, and the number at Taunton, the whole being recited before : We shall therefore endeavour to be as brief as we can, to give you what we think material, and truly Matter of Fact ; my Lord now being come to con clude this extraordinary Commission, and in haste to be elevated, maketh all manner of Dispatch to repair to the King then at
Windsor, to give an Account of his Transactions, and to receive the Reward of his meritorious Service in this Butchering of Protestants, which is so acceptable to his Holiness and his bigotted Disciples, as nothing can be more ; and indeed, if you will belive them, a Work that merits Heaven at last, besides what Temporal Preferments are thought fit in this World. If this cruel Judge were a true Protestant, his Case is much the
pardoned
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worse, being made Use of as a Tool to destroy, and carry on Popish designs. Thus the Affairs being ended, the Country filled with Heads and Quarters of those that were executed, the
rest that had not wherewith to purchase their Lives, left in Custody in Order to Transportation.
Ishall next add the Charge given by the Lord Chief Justice Jeffreys, at the City of Bristol, Monday,
21, 1685. In his Return from his Western Campaign.
Gentlemen,
I am, by the Mercy of God, come to this Great and Popu lous City, a City that boasts both of its Riches and Trade, and may justly indeed claim the next Place to the Great and Populous Metropolis of this Kingdom. Gentlemen, I find here are a great many Auditors, who are very intent, as if they expected some formal or prepared Speech, but assure your selves, we come not neither to make set Speeches, nor formal Declama tions, nor to follow a couple of puffing Trumpeters ; for, Lord, we have seen those Things Twenty times before : No, we come to do the King's Business ; a King who is so Gracious as to use all the Means possible to discover the Disorders of the Nation, and to search out those who indeed are the very Pest of the Kingdom : To this End, and for this Purpose, we are come to this City. But I find a special Commission is an unusual Thing here, and relishes very ill ; nay, the very Women storm at for fear we should take the Upper-hand of them too for by the by, Gentlemen, hear much in Fashion in this City for the Women to Govern and bear Sway. But, Gentlemen, will not stay you with such needless Stories, will only mention some few Things that fall within my Knowledge for Points or Matters of Law, shall not trouble you, but only mind you of some Things that lately hath happened, and particularly in this
City, (for have the Kalender of this City in my Pocket) and do not express my self in so formal or set Declamation, (for as told you, came not to make Declamations) or in so smooth
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Language as you may expect, you must attribute it partly to the Pain of the Stone, under which I labour, and partly to the Unevenness of this Days Journey.
Gentlemen, I may say that even some of the youngest amongst us may remember the late horrid Rebellion, how Men, under Colour of Law, and Pretext of Justice, after they had divested a most Gracious and most Merciful Prince of all his Royal
Power, by the Power of the Sword ; they, I say, under Colour of Law, and Pretext of Justice, (which added the more to the Crime, that it was done under such pretended Justice) brought the most Mild and Meekest Prince (next to our Ever-Blessed Saviour Jesus Christ, if we may but compare him to a Man) to die a Martyr, the first Blessed Martyr, (pardon the Expression ; besides our most Blessed Jesu, who suffered for us on the Cross; I say, besides that Blessed Son of God) this, I say, was the first Royal Martyr ; not suffering him to speak for himself, or make his Defence ; a Liberty which is given to the vilest Traitor ; and this was done (not to descant on the Number) by Forty One. The Rebels not resting here, for Rebellion is like the Sin
of Witchcraft, divested the Lineal, Legal, and Rightful Heir of the Crown of all his Power and Prerogative, till the mighty God of Heaven and Earth, God Almighty, restored him to his Just
Right : And he, as if begot in Mercy, not only forgave all Offences, and pardoned voluntarily, even all that had been in actual Arms against him (except those accursed Regicides), but made it a Crime for any one that should but remember or upbraid any of their past Crimes and Rebellions. Good God ! O' Jesu ! That we should live in such an Age, in which such a Prince cannot be safe from the seditious Contrivances of pardoned Rebels L Had we not the Rye Conspiracy, wherein they not only designed to have murthered that most Blessed (for so now we may conclude him to be with God Almighty) and Gracious King, but also his ever Dear and Victorious Brother ? Had we not the Bill of Exclusion, which our most Gracious King told us he could not, without a manifest Infringe ment of the Royal Prerogatives of the Crown, (which are too sacred for us to touch) consent to ? Had we not the cursed Counsel of Achitophel? Kings are God's Vice-Regents on Earth, and are indeed Gods on Earth, and we represent them. Now when God
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Almighty had of his Infinite Goodness, called this Blessed Prince unto himself, he sends a Prince, who assures us he will imitate his Royal Brother and Renouned Predecessor in all Things, espe cially in that of his Clemency and Mercy, and that too upon the Word of a King ; a King, I will assure you, that will not be worse than his Word ; nay, (pardon the Expression) that dare not be worse than his Word. Which of you all that had a Father murthered by another, (and that deliberately too, under Colour of Justice, which added to the Crime ; and your Brother, nay, your selves thrust out from your Inheritance, and banished from your Country; nay, that sought your Blood like-wise) would not, if it was in your Power, revenge such Injuries, and ruin such Persecutors ? But here our most Blessed Prince, whom God long preserve, hath not only forgiven, but will venture his Life for the Defence of such his Enemies. Has he not ventur'd
his Life already as far as any Man, for the Honour of these Kingdoms? Nay, I challenge this City to shew me any one Man of that perchance may not be worth a Groat, that has ventured his Life so far for the Safety of these Kingdoms, as this Royal Prince hath done. Good God What an Age do
we live in Shall not such a Prince be secure from the Sedition, Rebellion, and Plots of Men He scarce seated on his Royal Throne, (where God Almighty grant he may long Reign) but on the one Hand he invaded by a condemned Rebel, and Arch- Traitor, who hath received the just Reward of his Rebellion on the other Hand up starts Poppet Prince, who seduces the Mobile into Rebellion, into which they easily are bewitched for say, Rebellion like the Sin of Witchcraft this Man, who had as little Title to the Crown as the least of you (for hope all you are Legitimate) being overtaken by Justice, and by the Goodness of his Prince brought to the Scaffold, he has the Con fidence (Good God That Men should be so impudent) to say, That God Almighty did know with what Joyfulness he did
die; Traitor) having for these two Years last past lived in all Incontinency and Rebellion, notwithstanding the Goodness of an Indulgent Prince so often to pardon him; but just like
him. Rebellion (as told you) like the Sin of Witchcraft. For there was another, which shall not name, because will not trample on the Dust of the Dead, but you may remember him by these Words of his Speech he tells you, That he thanks
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his God that he falls by the Ax, and not by the Fiery Trial. He had rather (he had as good have said) die a Traitor than
a Blessed Martyr.
Great God of Heaven and Earth ! What Reason have Men
to rebel ! but as I told you, Rebellion is like the Sin of Witch craft ; Fear God, and Honour the King, is rejected by People for no other Reason, as I can find,but that it is written in St. Peter. Gentlemen, I must tell you, I am afraid, I am afraid that this City hath too many of these People in it. And it is your Duty to
search them out : For this City added much to that Ship's Loading ; there was your Tytys, your Roe's, and your Wades, Men started up like Mushrooms, Scoundrel Fellows, meer Sons of Dunghils : These Men must forsooth set up for Liberty and Property. A Fellow that carries the Sword before Mr. Mayor, must be very careful of his Property, and turn Politician, as if
he had as much Property as the Person before whom he bears the Sword ; though perchance not worth a Groat. Gentlemen,
I must tell you, you have still here the Tyly's, the Roe's, and the Wades : I have brought a Brush in my Pocket, and I shall be sure to rub the Dirt wherever it lies, or on whom soever it
sticks. Gentlemen, I shall not stand complimenting with you, I shall talk with some of you before you and I part : I tell you, I tell you, I have brought a Besome, and I will sweep every Man's Door, whether great or small. Must I mention Particu lars ? I hope you will save me that Trouble ; yet I will hint a few Things to you, that perchance I have heard of. This is a great City, and the Magistrates wonderful Loyal, and very for ward to assist the King with Men, Money, and Provisions, when the Rebels were just at your Gates : I do believe it would have went very hard with some of you if the Enemy had en tered the City, notwithstanding the Endeavours that was used to accomplish it. Certainly they had and must have great In-
from a Party within, or else why should their Design be on this City ? Nay, when the Enemy was within a Mile of you, that a Ship should be set on fire in the midst of you, as a Signal to the Rebels, and to amuse those within ; when if God Almighty had not been more Gracious unto you than you was to your selves (so that Wind and Tide was for you) for what I know, the greatest Part of this City had per
ished ; and yet you are willing to believe it was an Accident.
couragement
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Certainly here is a great many of those Men which they call Trimmers. A Whig is but a mere Fool to these ; for a Whig
is some sort of a Subject in Comparison of these ; for a Trim mer is but a cowardly and base-spirited Whig; for the Whig is but the Journeyman- Prentice, that is hired and set on in the Rebellion, whilst the Trimmer is afraid to appear in the Cause;
he stands at a Doubt, and says to himself, I will not assist the King until I see who hath the best of it ; and refuses to enter tain the King's Friends for fear the Rebels should get the better of it. These Men stink worse than the worst Dirt you have in your City ; these Men have so little Religion, that they forget that he that is not for us is against us. Gentlemen, I tell you, I have the Kalender of this City here in my Hand ; I have heard of those that have searched into the very Sink of a Con
venticle to find out some sneaking Rascal to hide their Money by Night. Come, come, Gentlemen, to be plain with you, I find the Dirt of the Ditch is in your Nostrils. Good God ! Where am I ? In Bristol? This City, it seems, claims the Priviledge of Hanging and Drawing amongst themselves : I find you have more need of a Commission once a Month at least. The very Magistrates, which should be the Ministers of Justice, fall out one with another to that Degree, they will scarce dine with each other, whilst it is the Business of some cunning Men that lye behind the Curtain to raise Divisions amongst them, and set them together by the Ears, and knock their Logger-heads to gether ; yet I find they can agree for their Interest, or if there
be but a Kid in the Case ; for I hear the Trade of Kid-napping is of much Request in this City, they can discharge a Felon, or a Traitor, provided they will go to Mr. Alderman's Plantation at the West-Indies, Come, come, I find you stink for want of Rubbing. Gentlemen, what need I mind you of these Things ? I hope you will search into them, and inform me. It seems the Dissenters and Phanaticks fare well amongst you, by Reason of
the Favour of the Magistrates ; for Example, if a Dissenter, who is a notorious and obstinate Offender, comes before them to be fined, one Alderman or other stands up, and says, He is a good man, (tho' three Parts a Rebel) well then for the Sake of Mr. Alderman he shall be fined but is. Then comes another, and up stands another Goodman Alderman, and says, I know him to be an honest Man (though rather worse than the former1)
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well, for Mr. Alderman's sake he shall be fined but half a Crown ; so Manus manum fricat; You play the Knave for me now, and I will play the Knave for you by and by. I. am ashamed of these Things : And I must not forget to tell you, that I hear of
some Differences amongst the Clergy, those that ought to preach Peace and Unity to others : Gentlemen, these Things must be looked into. I shall not now trouble you any further ; there are several other Things, but I expect to hear of them from you. And if you do not tell me of some of these things, I shall
remind you of them. And I find by the Number of your Con stables, this is a very large City, and it is impossible for one or two to search into all the Concerns of it ; therefore mind the
Constables of their Duties, and call on them for their Present ments ; for I expect every Constable to bring in his Present
ment, or that you present him. So Adjourn, Sr>c.
Upon Affidavits read, and other Evidence aJgainst Sir W
being found, he made the Mayor and the Aldermen concerned to go from the Bench to the Bar, to plead to the Informations ; using many Expressions, saying of the Mayor, See how the Kidnapping Rogue looks, &c.
My Lord, after he had left Bristol, being come to the King to give an Account of his Affairs in the West, the Great Seal being to be disposed of, by the Death of the late Keeper, he kiss'd the King's Hand for and was made Lord Chancellour, which was only an Earnest of his Desert for so eminent and extraor
dinary Piece of Service for now that which remains, to give an Account of divers that had fled, and hid themselves -up and down in Holes and Privacies, whose Friends made all
Application to some great Men or other to procure their Par dons some to this, and others to such as they thought Favourites of the King but the Rewards must be ascertained before any Application could be made Divers Lists being sent up, and the Rewards ascertained, which amongst many of them
put together, did amount to considerable so that was now who could find a Friend to relieve his distressed Relations, which were forced to wander up and down in Caves and De- sarts for fear of being taken But this Misfortune attended the Agents, that unless my Lord Chancellour [were used, by
the Mayor, Alderman L
, and others, for Kidnapping, there being Bills preferred to the Grand Jury by R , and
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his Creatures, that were allowed by him so to do ; other Appli cations commonly met with Disappointments, which caused an Emulation among the great Men ; one supposing to have deserved the King's Ear as well as the other, which caused other Measures to be taken, tho' some were weedled out of their Money. At last came out a General Pardon, with Ex ceptions, very few if any of those that were sollicited for, not being excepted, were of Course pardoned ; but however, divers
Sums of Money having been paid, no Restitution to be had, for from Hell is no Redemption. A Western Gentleman's Pur chase came to fifteen or sixteen hundred Guineas, which my Lord Chancellor had. Amongst the Exceptions, were a Parcel of Taunton Girls, some of which were Children of eight or ten Years old ; however something was to be made of them, if these
Ladies were judged guilty of Treason, for presenting the Duke of Monmouth with Colours, &>c. and for to preserve these from Trial, they were given to Maids of Honour to make up their Christmas-Box; so that an Agent of theirs was sent down into
the Country to compound with their Parents, to preserve them from what might after follow, if taken ; so that some, according to Ability, gave loo/, others 50/. all which however did not answer the Ladies first Expectations ; yet it did satisfie, and they were accordingly pardoned. Thus we have given you an Account of what hath happened on this Occasion, being in
every Point Truth : We might have farther enlarged, but that would have spoiled the Design, and swoln our Pocket-Com panion to a volume too big.
We shall therefore next proceed to give you a true and exact List of all them that were condemned, and suffered in the West, in the Year 1685, under the Sentence of my Lord Chief Justice Jeffreys, with the Names of the Towns where every Man was executed.
Lyme 12.
Bath 6. Walter Baker
Henry Body
John Caswell Thomas Hayward John Hellier Edward Beere
Col. Holmes Mr. Batiscomb
Mr. William Hewling Gerrard Bryant
Mr. Sampson Lark Thomas Clotworthy Henry Portridge
Thomas Collins George Pether John Carter Thomas Peirce Philipsnorton 12. John Richards
Dr. Temple
Capt. Madders
Capt. Matthews
Mr. Joseph Tyler
Mr. William Cox. &^. Edward Creaves John Smith.
Robert Cook John Staple
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FrOOME 12. Francis Smith
Henry Russel
George Knight
Samuel Vill. rt/zVwVile Robert Wine
Thomas Star Philip Usher Robert Beamant
William Clement John Humphrey George Hasty Robert Man Thomas Pearl
Laurence Lott Thomas Lott.
Bruton 3. James Feildsen
Chick Preston Bevis Richard Finier.
WrInGtOn 3. Alexander Key
David Boyss Joshua French.
Wells 8. William Mead Thomas Cade
John Bushel William Lashly.
Somerton 7. William Gillet
Thomas Lissant William Pocock Christopher Stephens George Cantick Robert Allen
Joseph Kelloway.
Yeovil 8. Francis Foxwell
George Pitcher Bernard Thatcher, for
concealing Bovet
William Johnson Thomas Hurford
Edward Gillard Oliver Powel.
Richard Cullverellj Merrick Thomas
DUnStER 3.
Henry Lackwell John Geanes William Sully.
DULVErtOn 3. John Basely
Robert Doleman Humphrey Braden Thomas Durston
John Combe John Groves.
Pensford 12. Roger Cornelius
John Starr
Humphrey Edwards John Spore
William Pierce Arther Sullway George Adams
SDeatlj of
Robert Hill Nicholas Adams Richard Stephens
William Clerk, alias Robert Halfwell
Richard Bole.
WlnCANtON 6.
John Howel Richard Harvey John Tucker William Holland Hugh Holland Thomas Bowden.
Shepton-Mallet
13- Stephen Mallet
Joseph Smith
John Gilham, Jun. Giles Bramble
Richard Chinn
William Cruise
George Pavier
John Hild worth
John Ashwood
Thomas Smith
John Dorchester, Sen. William Davy
Netherstoe 3.
John Sheperd Abraham Bend William Durston William Plumley.
Uivelscomb 3.
William Ruscomb Thomas Pierce
Robert Combe.
Tuton-upi n-Men- Humphrey Mitchel
dip 2.
Peter Prance William Watkins.
Chard 12. Edward Foote
John Knight William Williams
John Jervis HumphreyHitchcockJohn Lloyd
William Godfrey Abraham Pill
Henry Thompson, Bridgewater 12.
Robert Fraunces Nicholas Stodgell Joshua Bellamy William Moggeridge John Hurman Robert Roper Richard Harris Richard Engram
John Trott Roger Guppey
Henry Easterbrook James Dennett Edward Warren Simon Cross.
Roger Burnoll William Pether James Evory
CrOOKERN 10.
RAtCLIFFE-HILL Atjames Pyes
Bristol 6 Richard Evans John Tinckwell
John Broome.
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Roger Hore Israel Briant Isaiah Davis. William Mead
Francis Bartlet Peter Warren Samuel Hawkins Richard Sweet.
EVILCHEStEr 12. Hugh Goodenough
Taunton 19. Robert Perrot
Christopher Clerk Abraham Ansley Samuel Cox Edward Tippot Benjamin Hewling William Sumerton
Philip Cumbridge Pierce Murren
John Tucker, a/zVwJohn Freake
Glover. John Savage
ILLMInStEr 12. Abraham Matthews Osmond Barret
Nicholas Collins. Sen. William Jenkyns
Matthew Cross Edward Burford , John Mortimer John Stevens
Robert Townsden. Stogummer 3.
George Hillard John Lockstone Arthur Williams.
Castlecary 3.
Stephen Newman Robert Luckis William Kitch Thomas Burnard William Wellen John Parsons Thomas Trooke Robert Fawne Western Hillary John Burgen
Charles Speake. Stogersey 2.
Hugh Ashley
John Herring Wellington 3
Francis Priest
Philp Bovet
Robert Reed
SOUtH -PEtHErtOnThomas Hillary
Richard Ash Samuel Garnish Robert Hinde.
Henry Lisle
John Dryer John Hucker
Jonathan England John Sharpe William Deverson John Williams John Patrum James Whittom William Satchel
John Trickey. Langport 3.
John Masters John Walrand
David Langwell
Cornelius Furfurd John Parsons
Thomas Davis. POrLOCK 2.
John Gill, Senior Thomas Monday John Butcher.
CUtHErStOn 2. Richard Bovet
Thomas Blackmore Minehead 6.
Gale Henry Edny
James
Glasenbury 6
John Jones, alias jomi phillelrey. Evens
John Hicks Richard Pearce
Humphrey Peirce Nicholas Venton John Shellwood
Milton-port 2.
Arbridg 6.
Johnson
Isaac Tripp Thomas Burnell
Hugh Starke Suffer'd in all 251. Besides those Hanged and Destroyed in Cold Blood.
This Bloody Tragedy in the West being over, our Protestant Judge returns for London; soon after which Alderman Cornish felt the Anger of some Body behind the Curtain ; for it is to be
Archibald James Maxwel.
Keinsham 11. Charles Chepman Richard Bowden Thomas Trock
Lewis Harris Edward Haswell Howel Thomas George Badol Richard Evans John Winter Andrew Rownsden
328 Hty 3Li'fe anti 2DeatIi of
noted, that he was Sheriff when Best prayed an Indictment might be preferred, and was, as well as Sheriff Bethel, earnest in promoting it ; in alledging, that it was no ways reasonable that the Juries of London should lye under such a Reproach,
But passing this over, we now find this Person arrived at the Pinnacle of -Honour ; the Purse and Mace were reserved for him, vacant by the Death of the Lord Keeper North, and he advanced to the Lord Chancellorship of England; rais'd by this Means, as one might think, above the Envy of the Crowd ; and it might be wished, in so dangerous a Heighth he had looked better to his Footsteps ; for now being created Baron of Won, we find him in a High Commission, or Ecclesiastical Court, Suspending the Honourable Lord Bishop of London from performing the Episcopal Office and Function of that See, and for no other Default, than not readily complying with the King's
Letter in Suspending Dr. Sharp, Dean of Norwich, for Preach ing a Sermon in the Parish Church of St. Giles in the Fields, at the Request of the Parishioners, showing the Errors and Fallacies of the Romish Religion ; the better to confirm them in the Faith and Doctrine of the Church of England. Nor was it this good Bishop alone that was aimed at ; for Magdalen Colledge at Oxford was next attempted, and in that very Mother of Learning, and Chief Seminary of our Church, such Alter ations were made as startled the Kingdom ; by whose Counsel I undertake not to determine ; but in the midst of Liberty of
Conscience, as twice declared. The Church of England had a Test put upon her Sons, which seem'd such a Paradox that has been rarely heard of, vis. To Read the King's Declaration for Liberty of Conscience in the Churches, during the Time of Divine Service, and a Mark, and Penalties threatned to the
Refusers ; which was evidently demonstrated by the Imprison ment of those Pious Patriots of their Country, and Pillars of the Church, His Grace the Lord Archbishop of Canterbury, the Lord Bishops of Bath and Wells, Ely, Peterborough, Chi chester, St. Asaph, and Bristol; who for shewing their Reasons, why they could not comply with this Command, by way of humble Petition, were sent to the Tower, and afterwards tried upon Information of High Misdemeanour, at the Court of Kings-Bench ; where their Innocency appearing in a large manner, they were acquitted, to the Scandal of their Accusers : Yet Orders were sent into all Parts of England, to return an Account to the Lord Chancellor, of those that refused to Read the Declaration, that they might be proceeded against, for a
Contempt of what their Consciences would not permit them to do ; and for a Time they were extremely hot upon it. Much about this Time there was a considerable Suit depending before him in Chancery, between a great Heiress and others, which
SLorti (tootle 3leffi*ep& 329
was sufficiently talkt of in the World, not without loud and deep Reflection on his Honesty and Honour; for having given the Cause for the young Lady, he very speedily afterwards married her to his Son ; with this remarkable Circumstance, she being a Papist, to make sure Work, he married them both Ways, both by a Priest of the Church of Rome, and a Divine the Church of England. And here, think, we may place the Heighth and Acme of his Honour and Happiness, where he's not like to tarry long; for on the News of the great Prepar ations in Holland, and that the Prince of Orange were certainly design'd for England, the determined Councils cool'd, and then quite ceas'd, so that the Church of England Men, whose Cause the Prince had espoused, were restored again to the Com missions and Trusts they had (by what Justice know not) been lately deprived of and amongst other Charters that were on this Occasion restored, was that of the City of London; and that which makes more memorable, was, that was brought to Guild-Hall by this Person, tho' he was not attended by the Shouts and Acclamations he expected, nor seemed so florid or frolicksome as heretofore, which some looked upon as a bad Omen and it's reported, soon after he being ask'd by a Courtier,
What the Heads of the Prince's Declaration were He should answer, He was sure his was one, whatever the rest were.
When the late King James was secured at Feversham, he desired to see his Landlord, and demanded his Name, who proved a Person who had turned himself over to the Kings- Bench, for a Fine which fell upon him (and Captain Stanbrooke in Westminster) by the Lord Chancellour's Means at the Board, which King James, calling for a Pen and Ink, bid the Gentle man write the Discharge as effectually as he would which he signed: Adding, That he was now sensible my Lord Chancellour had been a very ill Man, and done very ill Things.