No More Learning

D. 655. Maximus, the time of whose artiral is
MAXIMUS, M. CLO'DIUS PUPIE'NUS, not stated, was repeatedly examined, and after-
was elected emperor with Balbinus, in A. D. 238, wards sentenced to banishment at Bizya, in Thrace.
when the senate received intelligence of the death The two Anastasii were also banished, but to
of the two Gordians in Africa. For particulars, different places; Maximus was not suffered
see BALBINUS.
to remain at peace in his place of exile. Theo
MAXIMUS CONFESSOR (ó oooynths), dosius, bishop of the Bithynian Caesareia, and
known also as the MONK (ó uovaxós), an emi- | two nobles, Paulus and another Theodosius, and
Anastasius App
200ed some va
275, 276,
Venice, roli
Care, His Lite
bric Bith Gro
Santor. Augas
Marimus is
Greek and la
Ettory is cele
the 12th and
13h August
The writing
aren beld in 1
esiderable ar
judgment of 1
style of his 'A:
ture, or rathe
brun S. Sen
long, spun-out
tions and circi
carelessly and
0
bis meaning
works very we
with wandering
irrelevant and i
ever, is less se
and observest
manifest the p
(Phot. Bil. Co
Bithe points is
Vanous of hi
of the sixteen
separately or
writings of the
kmetimes in a
able collection
S. Marimi Coi
imique Philosing
An introductioi
Marimus, and 1


## p. 989 (#1005) ###########################################

MAXIMUS.
989
MAXIMUS.
some others, were sent to him apparently to get his history ; and the works are in some cases ac-
him to renounce his opposition to the Monothelites companied by ancient anonymous Greek scholia,
Blows, kicks, and spitting, were resorted to by the as well as by the notes of the learned editor. This
messengers and their servants, but in vain ; nothing edition is not complete: a third volume was in
could shake his firmness. He was brought back preparation by Combéfis at the time of his death,
after some time to Constantinople, and subjected to A. D. 1679 ; but no successor undertook to com-
still greater severities. He was severely scourged; plete the unfinished labour.
and the two Anastasii, who had been also brought The works are too numerous, and many of them
back to the city, were similarly treated, apparently too unimportant for distinct notice. The following
in his presence. They were then all remanded to are the most important:-). Ilpos Pardo olv Tae
prison, but were brought out again in a few days, όσιώτατον πρεσβύτερος και ηγούμενον περί δια-
when their tongues were cut out, their right hands | φόρων απόρων της θείας γραφής, Ad Sandissimum
cut off, and they were again sent into exile. Max. Presbyterum ac Pruepositum Thalassium, de variis
iinus, from age and the effects of his tortures, was Scripturae Sacrae Quaestionibus ac Dubiis. This
scarcely able to bear the journey. They were con- is the work already noticed as severely criticised
fined in separate places in the Caucasus, where in respect of style by Photius: it contains the solu-
Maximus and one of the Anastasii soon died from tion of sixty-five scriptural difficulties, and is ac-
the effects of their sufferings, a. D. 662. Anastasius companied by the Scholia of an anonymous com-
A pocrisiarius survived, and his recital of their suf- mentator, apparently of the close of the eleventh
ferings is one of the authorities employed for this or beginning of the twelfth century. 2. Eis Tole
article. Various miraculous circumstances were προσευχήν του Πάτερ ημών πρός τινα φιλόχριστον
reported to have attended the sufferings of these pueveia dúvtomos, Orationis Dominicae brevis
unhappy men. (Eis Tov Blov, K. T. d. , In Vitam Espositio, ad quendam Christo devolum. 3. Ada
ac Certamen S. Patris nostri ac Confessoris Max yos doknTIKOS Kard nello iv Kal ámókpoiv, Liber
imi, published by Combéfis in his edition of the ad Pietatem exercens per Interrogationem et Re
works of Maximus. This biography is not by sponsionem. This piece had been published by Fl.
Anastasius Apocrisiarius, as Fabricius has erro- Nobilius, with some small pieces of Chrysostom
neously stated (Bill. Graec. vol. ix. p. 635, and vol. and Basil, Rome, 1578. 4. Kepárala replayerns,
x. p. 291); but Combófis has subjoined some other Cupita de Charitate. This work, to which an
ancient documents, including the narrative of ancient Greek writer has added Scholia, was pub-
Anastasius Apocrisiarius, already noticed, and has lished by Vicentius Opsopoeus (who ascribed the
added some valuable notes. Theophan. Chronog. work to Maximus of Turin), with a Latin version,
pp. 275, 276, 288, ed. Paris, pp. 219, 229, ed. 8vo. Haguenau, 1531, and was repeatedly re-
Venice, vol. i. p. 509, 510, 530, 531, ed. Bonn ; printed in the course of the same century ; and a
Cave, Hist. Litt. ad ann. 645, vol. i. p. 585; Fa- Latin version was given in most of the editions of
bric. Bibl. Graec. vol. ix. p. 635; Bolland. Acla the Bibliotheca Patrum. 5. Tepi Deodoylas nad
Sanctor. August. vol. iii. p. 97, &c. )
της ενσάρκου οικονομίας του υιού Θεού σ', Ad Theo-
Maximus is reverenced as a saint both by the logiam Deique Filii in Carne Dispensationem spec-
Greek and Latin churches ; by the former his tantia Capita Ducenta. 6. Κεφάλαια διάφορα
mermory is celebrated on the 21st of January, and | θεολογικά τε και οικονομικά, και περί αρετής και
the 12th and 13th August ; by the latter on the Karias, Diversa Capita ad Theologiam et Oecono-
13th August.
miam spectantia, deque Virtute ac Vitio, first pub-
The writings of this father were in the middle lished by Joannes Picus. 8vo. Paris, 1560. 7.
ages held in the highest esteem, and possessed Περί της αγίας Τριάδος διάλογοι ε, Dialori
considerable authority. The more discriminating quinque de Sancta Trinitate. These are ascribed to
judgment of Photius has severely criticised the Maximus in several MSS. , and by various ancient
style of his 'Afropruara ypaqıká, Dubia S. Scrip. Greek writers who have cited them. Other
turae, or rather I papirav åtopnuátwy dúoeis, Du- writers bave, however, ascribed them to Athana-
liorum S. Scripturae Solutiones. He notices his sius, in some editions of whose works they con-
long, spun-out sentences, his frequent transposi- sequently appear. The opinion of Garnier, that
tions and circumlocutions, and his metaphors, so they are the production of Theodoret, has been
carelessly and awkwardly employed as to render generally rejected ; and the preponderance of evi-
his meaning often very obscure, and making his dence seems to be decidedly in favour of the
works very wearisome to read. He charges him authorship of Maximus. 8. Μυσταγωγία περί
with wandering from his subject, and indulging in του τίνων σύμβολα τα κατά την αγίαν έκκλη-
irrelevant and abstract speculations. Photius, how- σίαν επί της συνάξεως τελούμενα καθεστηκε,
ever, is less severe in criticising his other works, Mystagogia qua explicantur quorum Sima sint
and observes that all his writings in every part quae in Sacra Ecclesia peraguntur in Divina Syn.
manifest the purity and earnestness of his piety. ari s. Collecta. This was published by David
(Phot. Bibl. Cod. 192—195. ) His orthodoxy on Hoeschelius, Augsburg, 1599 ; and afterwards in
some points is questionable.
the Auctarium of Ducaeus, vol. ii. fol. Paris, 1624.
Various of his pieces were published in the course | 9. Κεφάλαια θεολογικά, ήτοι εκλογαί εκ διαφόρων
of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, either BibAlwv TW Te kae' nuas kal Twv Súpaðev, Capita
separately or in the different collections of the Theologica, id est scite dicta atque electa ex Di-
writings of the fathers, sometimes in the original, versis tum Christianorum tum Gentilium ac Pro-
sometimes in a Latin version. The only consider fanorum Libris ; or more briefly, Sermones per
able collection of his works is that of Combéfis, Excerpta, or Loci Communes. This selection of
S. Maximi Confessoris, Graecorum Theologi, ex- sentences is arranged in seventy-one óyou, Som
imiique Philosophi Opera, 2 vols. fol. Paris, 1675. mones, and has been repeatedly published. It first
An introduction contains the ancient biography of appeared, with the similar compilation of Antonius
Maximus, and some other ancient pieces relating to Melissa (ANTONIUS No. 2], under the care of


## p. 990 (#1006) ###########################################

990
MAXIMUS.
MAXIMUS.
Platonists, an
lectures on pa
aus Marcel
mus ile philo
TE" The
be ras, recon
Fada per
purpose of be
bapa esteet,
chely throu
Constants.
had in me
told Julian
which, after
able dette
Marmus ar
invited by J
starlinople
Ktout, and
alle, Chits
thongti pri
as a bette:
stars, and
This time to
for be rose
Devertheless
heatheds D
listening
hans stich
When Julia
Persians, M
Conrad Gesner, fol. Zurich, 1546 ; and a Latin Oudin, De Scriptor. et Script. Eccles. rol. i. col.
version was given in the first edition of De la 1635, &c. ; Ceillier, Auteurs Sacrés, vol. xvii. P.
Bigne's Bibliotheca Patrum, fol. Paris, 1579. 10. 689, &c. ; Galland, Biblioth. Putrum. Proleg. ad
Παρασημείωσις της γενομένης ζητήσεως, κ. τ. λ. , | Append. Vol. XIV. c. 10. ). (J. C. M. ]
Acta Disputationis, &c. ; a record of the discus- MAXIMUS, Q. CORNEʻLIUS, a Roman
sion between Pyrrhus and Maximus in the presence jurist, a contemporary of Servius Sulpicius, and the
of the patrician Gregory in Africa, already referred teacher of C. Trebatius Testa, who was the friend of
to. It was published by Baronius, with a Latin Cicero. (Dig. 1. tit. 2. s. 2. $ 45; Cic. ad Fam. vii.
version by Turrianus, as an appendix to the 8th 8 and 17. ) He is once quoted in the Digest and by
vol. of his Annales Ecclesiastici ; and reprinted Alfenus (33. tit. 7. s. 16), as having given an opi-
from thence in the Concilia. 11. Epistolae, partim nion on the meaning of the word "instrumentum,"
communes, partim dogmaticae et polemicae. The in a legacy of "a vineyard and the instrumentum
other works given in the edition of Combéfis are thereof. " Servius considered that the word instru-
shorter and of little value, except as materials for a mentum had here no meaning. Maximus said that
history of the Monothelite controversy, to which the term included the stakes, poles, rakes, and
several of them refer.
spades; which Alfenus considers to be the better
The following works of Maximus, not included opinion, and so in fact it seems to be. (G. L. )
in the collection of Combéfis, have been published MAXIMUS, CORNE’LIUS DOLABELLA.
elsewhere :-)2. Fragments, incorporated in the [DOLABELLA, No. 1. ]
Catenae of the Fathers on the Sacred Books, and MAXIMUS, DOMITIUS CALVINUS.
especially on the expository paraphrase of Solo- (Calvinus, No. 2. )
mon's Song (Expositio Cantici Canticorum per MAXIMUS, EGNATIUS, is mentioned by
Paraphrasin collecta ex Gregorii Nysseni, Nili, et Cicero in B. C. 45 (ad Att. xiii. 34), and the same
Maximi Commentariis), contained in the Auctarium person is probably intended in one or two other
of Ducaeus, vol. ii. fol. Paris, 1624. 13. Scholia passages of Cicero, where the name of Egnatius
on the works of the pseudo-Dionysius Areopagita, occurs without any surname (ad Att. xii. 45, &c).
first published with the works of Dionysius, 8vo. The acquaintance of Cicero may perhaps be the
Paris, 1562, and repeatedly reprinted. Maximus same as the C. Egnatius Cn. F. Cn. N. MAXIMUS,
earnestly contends that these are the genuine whose name occurs on several interesting coins
works of the Areopagite converted by St. Paul. which seem to have been struck in the time of
14. Εξήγησις κεφαλαιώδης περί του κατά Χριστόν | Julius Caesar, and of which three specimens are
τον Θεόν ημών σωτηρίου πάσχα, το διαγραφέν | given below. The head of Venus which appears
kavóvrov épunvetovoa, Brevis Enarratio Christiani on the obverse of the first, and that of Cupid on
Paschatis, qua descripti Laterculi ratio declaratur, the obverse of the second, probably have reference
or Computus Ecclesiasticus. This calculation of to the descent of Julius Caesar from Venus.
Easter was drawn up by Maximus, according to An Egnatia Maximilla belonging to the family
his own declaration (pars iii. cap. 9), in the four of the Egnatii Maximi is mentioned in the time of
teenth indiction, in the thirty-first year of Heraclius Nero. (EGNATIA. ]
(i. e. A. D. 640). Scaliger, in his Emendatio Tem-
porum, lib. vii. p. 736, gave considerable extracts
from the work, and it was first published entire in
the Uranologion of Petavius, p. 313, fol. Paris,
1630. 15. Atropa, Ambigua sive Difficilia Loca
in Orationibus quibusdam Gregorii Nazianzeni er-
Carita
planata, ad Joannem Cyzici Episcopum. These
Atopa were translated into Latin by Joannes
Scotus Erigena about the middle of the ninth cen-
tury; and the work itself, with the version, or
perhaps only a part of them, was edited by Thomas
Gale, with some of the works of Erigena, folio,
Oxford, 1681. It is preceded by a letter of Max-
imus to Joannes of Cyzicus. Gale also added the
following work of Maximus, 16. Tepl Giapópwv
απόρων των αγίων Διονυσίου και Γρηγορίου, De
variis Difficilibus Locis Dionysü Areopagitae et
Gregorii Nazianzeni, with a Latin version by the
editor himself. 16. A Fragment, thought to be
from the "Atopa just mentioned (No. 15), is given
in the Appendix to the fourteenth volume of Gal-
land's Bibliotheca Patrum, fol. Venice, 1781. The
fragment is entitled Θεωρία σύντομος προς τους
λέγοντας προϋπάρχειν και μεθυπάρχειν των σω-
μάτων τας ψυχάς, Animadversio brevis ad eos qui
dicunt Animas ante vel post Corpora existere. MA'XIMUS EPHE'SIUS, one of the teachers
There are some other works of Maximus either of the emperor Julian, who is not to be con-
lost, or at least unpublished, which are enumerated founded with Maximus Epirota, whose name is
by Fabricius. (Combéfis, S. Maximi Opera ; likewise conspicuous among the learned friends
Phot. l. c. ; Cave, l. c. ; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. of that emperor. Maximus, the subject of this no-
viii. p. 430, vol. ix. pp. 599, &c. , 635, &c. , vol. x. tice, was a native of either Ephesus or Smyrna,
pp. 238, 736, vol. xii. p. 707; Concilia, vol. v. ed. and belonged to a rich and distinguished family.
Labbe, vol. iii. ed. Hardouin, vol. x. ed. Mansi ; | He early embraced the doctrine of the Pythagorean
and accom]
which we 1
the truth of
ever, that 1
his safe re
bitants of
people, as J
Marinas
ang Valent
and Priscos
lness whic
of April, 34
to Constan
bat Maxim
a bears fin
CMP:
RANNSCN
MAXSway's
NNA
till the end
exposed to
nie to bri
stead of gi
and died is
philosopher
Constantin
supreme co
a portion og
Cated ID
accomplice
and it seem
knew of the
2. 39 accused
his bead
dring with
diisent les
16, 38, 39)
dianas, who
Nymphidia
then gainet
COINS OF EGNATIUS MAXIMUS.
Tiered by
alias diapxo
pisal pisem I


## p. 991 (#1007) ###########################################

MAXIMUS.
991
MAXIMUS.
rum.
wards
MAXIMUS
De Scriptor. et Svipd. Eceles, mol i er?
&c. ; Ceillier, Auteurs Sacrés
, vol ori;
E. ; Galind, Bildioth. Putnin. Pring
XIV. c. 10. ) (1. 61)
TIMUS, Q. CORNELIUS, a Rest
contemporary of Serrius Sulpicina, and ente
& C. Trebarius Testa, who was the friend di
hg. 1. tit 2. 2. 2. & 45; Cic od Fanti
He is once quoted in the Thest and by
13. dt 7. . 16), as having given a
meaning of the word "instrumentez
of "a vineyard and the instrucatu
ertius considered that the word instant
here no meaning. Marinas sed the
ciuded the stakes, poles, rata, and
ch Altenus considers to be ede beste
o in fact it seems to be (GL)
S, CORNELIUS DOLABELL.
No. 1. ]
S, DOMITIUS CALTINOS
9. 2)
EG. VA TIIS, is mentioned by
5 ad Att ri. 34)
, and the ex
bly intended in one or two sea
7, wbere the date of med
y surname (ad JE IL 15,41)
of Cicero mas perhaps be
i
*TITS CN, F. Oxx. Vi
on sereral interessing to
e been struck in the ici
of which three specimen 2
tead of Venus which are
e first, and that of Cumu
ord, probably hare referent
is Caesar frotz Tenes
la belonging to the four
is mentioned in the tistes
Platonists, and obtained great reputation by his lished by Fabricius, quoted below, with a Latin
lectures on philosophy and Pagan divinity. Ammi- version by Joh. Rentdorf. The beginning of it is
anus Marcellinus, quoted below, calls him “ Maxi- lost ; 610 verses are extant This poem, however,
mus ille philosophus, vir ingenti nomine doctrina is ascribed with more justice, as it seems to Maxi-
The philosopher Aedesius, whose disciple mus Epirota ; but Ruhnken thinks that it was
he was, recommended him to prince Julian, after composed by Callimachus, a contemporary of Apol-
emperor, who came to Ephesus for the sole lonius Rhodius. Maximus of Ephesus is frequently
purpose of hearing Maximus. Julian held him in mentioned by the historians of the time. (Maximus,
bigh esteem, and it is said as well as believed that in Eunapins, BíoPiloooow Kal copiotâr; Liban.
chiefly through_him he was induced to abjure Orat. v. xii; Amm. Marc. xxix. 1 ; Fabric. Bill.
Christianity. Besides philosophy, Maximus ex- Gracc. vol. iii. pp. 499, 527, vol. ir. p. 158, vol.
celled in magic, and there is a story that he foreix. p. 322, &c. ; Tillemont, Hist. des Emp. vol. vi.
told Julian his subsequent elevation to the throne, pp. 490, &c. , 512, 560, 568, gives a critical review
which, after all, did not require a very consider- of the life of Maximus. )
(W. P. )
able degree of supernatural knowledge. In 361, MAXIMUS EPIROTA (Μάξιμος 'Ηπειρώ-
Mixinius and the philosopher Chrysanthus were 77), a native of Epeirus, or perhaps Byzantium,
invited by Julian to repair to his court at Con- whence he is also called Byzantius, was one of the
stantinople. They consulted the stars before they instructors of the emperor Julian in philosophy and
set out, and the signs having been found unfavour- heathen theology. He must not be confounded
able, Chrysanthus refused to go, but Maximus with Maximus of Ephesus, who was likewise one
thought, probably, that the favour of an emperor of the teachers of Julian. Maximus, of whose life
was a better augury than the constellation of the we know very little, wrote, 1. Tepl ånútwy dutie
stars, and hastened to make his court to Julian. Oégewv, De insolubilibus Oppositionibus, published
This time the philosophy of Maximus proved sound, Graec. et Lat. by H. Stephanus, Paris, 1554, 8vo. ad
for he rose to great eminence at court ; but he calcem Operum Minor. Critic. Dionysii Halicarn. ;
nevertheless injured his reputation, among the 2. 'Trouvnuata mpos 'AplotovéATV, Commentarii
heathens no less than among the Christians, by in Aristotelem ; 3. llepl åpQuâv, De Numeris ; 4.
listening too much to flattery. It was this, per- Some epistles and essays addressed to the emperor
haps, which Chrysanthus had read in the stars. Julian; 5. Nepl katapxw vel drapxwv, which is
When Julian set out on his campaign against the also ascribed to Maximus Ephesius, in whose life
Persians, Maximus prophesied a fortunate issue, the reader will find a further account of this work.
and accompanied him on the expedition, from (Suidas, s. v. Mážquos; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol.
which we might infer that Maximus believed in ii. p. 499. )
(W. P. )
the truth of his prophecies. As it happened, how- MA'XIMUS, FA'BIUS. In the Fabia gens
ever,
that the issue was most lamentable, he, on the surname of Maximus was first borne by Q.
his safe return, was sadly ridiculed by the inha. Fabius Rullianus, consul in B. C. 322, and supplanted
bitants of Antioch, who were by no means a dull the previous cognomen Ambustus. [FABIA Gens. )
people, as Julian found to his cost. For some time
1. Q.