No More Learning

Petillius, though some writers architects, who were employed, in conjunction with
give a different name for the latter person. Spu- another architect named Menalippus, to rebuild the
rinus obtained possession of the books, and upon Odeion of Pericles at Athens, after it was burnt
his representation to the senate that they ought down by Aristion, in the Mithridatic War, Ol.
not to be read and preserved, the senate ordered 173. 3, B. C. 86. (Appian, Mithridat. 38. ) The
them to be burnt (Liv. xl. 18, 26, 29 ; Val. new edifice was erected at the cost of Ariobarzanes
Max. i. 1. $ 12; Plin. H. N. xiii. 14. s. 27; Plut. 11. Philopator, king of Cappadocia, between B. C.
Num. 22 ; August, de Civ. Dei, vii. 34; Lactant. 65 and B. c. 52. (Vitruv. v. 9. § 1. ) The names
i. 22 ; comp. Numa, Vol. II. p. 1213). Spurinus of the artists are preserved by an Attic inscription
was consul in B. c. 176 with Cn. Cornelius Scipio on the base of a statue which they erected in
Hispallus, and fell in battle against the Ligurians. honour of their patron, Ariobarzanes. (Bockh,
(Liv. xli. 14-18; Val. Max. i. 5. § 9, ii. 7. $ 15; C. I. No. 357, vol. i. p. 429 ; R. Rochette, Lettre
Obsequ. 64 ; Fasti Capitol. )
à M. Schorn, p. 407, 2d ed. )
[P. S. )
SPU'RIUS, is properly a Roman praenomen, STAPHYLUS (ETáqulos), a son of Dionysus
but occurs as the gentile name of one or two and Ariadne (Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. iii. 997), or
persons of no importance. Thus, for instance, we of Theseus and Ariadne (Plut. Thes. 20), was one
read of a M. Spurius, who was one of the con- of the Argonauts (Apollod. i. 9. § 16). By Chry-
spirators against Julius Caesar. (Appian, B. C. ii. sothemis he became the father of three daughters,
113. )
Molpadia, Rhoeo, and Parthenos.
Rhoeo was
SQUILLA GALLICANUS. [GALLICANUS. ] beloved by Apollo, and Staphylus, believing that
SQUILLUS, L. LICI'NIUS, one of the con- she was with child by someone else, locked her
spirators against Q. Cassius Longinus in Spain, up in a chest and threw her into the sea. The
(LONGINUS, No. 15. ]
chest was washed on the coast of Delos, where she
L. STABE'RIUS, the governor of Apollonia gave birth to Anius. She placed the child on the
for the Pompeians in B. C. 48, was obliged to desert altar of Apollo, praying that the god, if he were
the town on the approach of Caesar, in conse- the father, should save the child. A pollo accord-
quence of the inhabitants declaring in favour of ingly concealed the boy, and taught him the art of
the latter (Caes. B. C. iii. 12; Appian, B. C. prophecy. The sisters of Rhoeo were to guard the
ü. 54).
wine of Staphylus, but while they had fallen
STADIEUS (Etaðleús), artists. 1. An Athe. asleep the swine spilled and spoiled the wine. The
nian statuary, the instructor of Polycles. (Paus. sisters, on discovering the mischief, took to flight
vi. 4. § 3. s. 5. ) The determination of his time and threw themselves down from a rock. But
B. C. 48.


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STASANOR.
899
STASINUS.
Apollo, who saved them, transferred Parthenos to / xiii. 4). Here he appears to have remained in
Bubastus in the Chersonesus, where a sanctuary quiet for some years, taking no open part, so far
was dedicated to her, and Molpadia, under the as we are informed in the contest between Eu.
name of Hemithea, to Castabus in the Chersonesus. menes and Antigonus, though apparently inclined
There a temple was erected to her also, which no in favour of the former: but he secured the at-
one was allowed to enter who had touched a swine, tachment of the native population by the justice
and where libations were offered to her, consisting and moderation of his rule, and thus established
of honey and water. Hemithea was worshipped his power bo firmly that Antigonus found it pru-
especially as a divinity affording relief to women in dent to pardon his favourable disposition towards
child-bed (Diod. v. 52, 63). According to others his rival, and left him in the undisturbed pos-
llemithea became by Lyrcus the mother of Basi- session of his satrapy, B. C. 316. (Diod. xix. 48. )
leus. (Parthen. Erot. 1. )
(L. S. ) From this time his name does not appear again in
STAPHYLUS (tágulos), of Naucratis, in history.
(E. H. B. )
Egypt, a Greek writer quoted by Strabo (x. p. 475), STASI'CRATES (Etaoikpáros), one of the
Pliny (II. N. v. 31), and Athenaeus (ii. p. 45, c. ), various architects, or one of the various forms of
as well as by the scholiasts, wrote a work on the name of the architect, to whom different writers
Thessaly (Schol. ad Apoll. Rhod. iv. 816; Harpo- ascribe the design of the city of Alexandrin. (See
crat. s. v. Tevéotav; Schol. ad Aristoph. Nub. 1064), DEINOCRATEs. )
(P. S. )
. . on Aeolia and Attica (Harpocrat. 8. vv. éribolov, STAŞI'NUS (Etaoivos), of Cyprus, an epic
a povala), and on Arcadia (Sext. Empir. adv. Math. poet, to whom some of the ancient writers attri-
116).
buted that one of the poems of the Epic Cycle
STASANDER (Στάσανδρος), a native of Cy- which was entitled Κύπρια or τα έπη τα Κύπρια.
prus, tas an officer in the service of Alexander the The statements on the subject are, however, so va-
Great, and must have attained to considerable dis- rious, and partake so much of conjecture, that no
tinction, though his name is not mentioned during certain conclusion can be drawn from them. In
the lifetime of that monarch ; as only two years the earliest historical period of Greek literature,
after his death, in the second division of the pro- and before critical inquiries began, the Cypria was
vinces at Triparadeisus (B. C. 321), Stasander ob- accepted without question as a work of Homer.
tained the important satrapy of Aria and Dran- Pindar refers to it as Homer's (Fr. 189, ap. Ae-
giana, in which he succeeded Stasanor (Arr. ap. lian, V. H. ix. 15; but there is some doubt as
Phot. p. 71, b; Diod. xviii. 39). In the contest to the genuineness of the quotation); and the
between Eumenes and Antigonus, he sided with respect in which it was held by th: early trage-
the former, whom he joined with all the forces he dians is evident from the number of their dramas
could muster, and we find him particularly men-
which were founded upon it. Herodotus (ii.
tioned as taking part in the decisive action in 117) decidedly controverts the opinion which as-
Gabiene. Hence, after the final triumph of Anti- cribed it to Homer ; but in a manner which plainly
gonus, he was deprived by the conqueror of his shows that that opinion was still the prevailing
satrapy, which was given to Euitus. (Diod. xix. Plato, on the other hand, quotes as from
14, 27, 48. )
[E. H. B. ] Homer two verses which, the Scholiast asserts,
STASANOR (Eracávwp), a native of Soli in are from the Cypria (Euthyphr. p. 12, a. ). Aris-
Cyprus, who held a distinguished position among totle (Poet. xxiii. 6) distinguishes the author of
the officers of Alexander the Great (Strab. xiv. the Cypria from Homer, but without mentioning
p. 683). He probably entered the service of that the name of the former ; and Pausanias refers to
monarch after the conquest of Cyprus in B. C. 333, the poem in the same manner (iii. 16. & 1; iv. 2.
but the first occasion on which his name is men- $7; x. 26. § 1; X. 31. & 2). It is not till we
tioned is during the campaign in Bactria, when he come down to the times of Athenaeus and the
was detached by Alexander with a strong force to grammarians, that we find any mention of Stasinus ;
reduce Arsames, the revolted satrap of Aria. This and even then the poem is ascribed to him in a
service, in conjunction with Phrataphernes, he very hesitating and indefinite manner. Thus
successfully accomplished, and rejoined Alexander Athenaeus in one passage (ii. p. 35, c. ), speaks of
at Zariaspa in the autumn of B. C. 328, bringing the poet of the Cypria, whoever he may be ;
with him Arsames himself as a captive, as well as in another (viii. p. 334), he mentions the author
Barzanes, who had been appointed by Bessus sa- in the following indefinite way, ó tàKumpia
trap of Parthia (Arr. Anah. iii. 29, iv. 7). As a ποιήσας έπη, είτε Κύπριός τίς εστιν ή Στασινος
reward for this exploit he obtained the Batrapy of ή όστις δήποτε χαίρει ονομαζόμενος ; and in a
Aria, which was, however, soon after changed for third (xv. p. 682, e. ), he quotes the author of the
that of Drangiana, in the command of which he poem as either Hegesias or Stasinus, and adds that
remained during the whole of Alexander's cam- Demodamas of Halicarnassus made the author of
paign in India. On the king's return, Stasanor the Cypria a native of Halicarnassus. Lastly,
was one of those who met him in Carmania with Proclus, who is our chief authority for the history
a very opportune supply of camels and other beasts of the epic cycle, not only tells us that the poem
of burthen, but returned to resume the charge of was ascribed to Stasinus or Hegesinas or Homer,
his province when Alexander continued his march but what he and others tell us of Stasinus only
towards Persia (Arr. ib. iv. 18, vi. 27, 29 ; Curt. adds new doubts to those which already beset the
viii. 3. & 17). In the first partition of the pro- subject, and new proofs of the uncertainties of the
vinces after the death of Alexander, Stasanor re- ancients themselves respecting it. (Procl. Chres-
tained his former satrapy of Drangiana, but in the tom. in Gaisford's Hephaestion et Proclus, pp. 471,
subsequent division at Triparadeisus (B. C. 321), he foll. ; quoted also by Photius, Bibl. Cod. ccxxxix.
exchanged it for the more important government of pp. 319, a. foll. ). Stasinus was said to be the son-
Bactria and Sogdiana (Diod. xviii. 3, 39 ; Dexipp. in-law of Homer, who, according to one story,
ap. Phot. p. 64, b; Arrian, ibid. p. 71, b; Justin. I composed the Cypria and gave it to Stasinus as
one.
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## p. 900 (#916) ############################################

900
STASIOECUS.
STATEIRA.
state.
ments,
his daughter's marriage portion ; manifestly an at- | Seleucus, the admiral of the Egyptian feet, and to
tempt to reconcile the two different accounts, which place himself under the supremacy of Ptolemy:
ascribed it to Homer and Stasinus (Proc. l. c. ; but in B. c. 313 he abandoned the alliance of that
Aelian. V. H. ix. 15). We are also told that the monarch, and, in conimon with several of the other
poem was named from its author's native place ; princes of the island, entered into negotiations
but critical analogies suggest the doubt whether with Antigonus. Before, however, the latter could
the country of the alleged author was not in- lend them any support, Ptolemy himself arrived
vented to account for the title. Other passages, in Cyprus with a fieet and army, took Stasioecus
which might be quoted from the grammarians and prisoner, and razed his city to the ground. (Diod.
scholiasts, leave the question much in the same xix. 62, 79. )
(E. H. B. )
Even the number of books of which the STASIPPUS (ETCOITTOS), a citizen of Tegea,
poem consisted is doubtful ; for the only authority and the leader of the party there which was fa-
for the common statement, that it contained eleven vourable to Sparta. When Archidamus III. was
books, is a quotation of Athenaeus from the eleventh sent, in B. C. 371, to succour his defeated country-
book (xv. p. 682, e. ).
men at Leuctra, Stasippus and his friends were in
From these statements it may be judged the height of their power, and Tegea therefore
whether there is sufficient foundation for the zealously assisted the Spartan king with reinforce
opinion of Müller and other writers, that the
In B. C. 370, Stasippus successfully re-
poem may be safely assigned to Stasinus, whose sisted in the assembly the attempt of Callibius and
date they fix as about contemporary with Arctinus Proxenus to change the existing relations of Tegea
of Miletus. Considering the immense range of to Sparta, and include it in the proposed federative
mythological stories which we know the poem to union of all Arcadian towns. His opponents
bave embraced, there is much probability in the hereupon had recourse to arms, and Stasippus
opinion of Bernhardy, that it was a work of many defeated them in battle, but did not make as much
times and many hands. Its title may be explained of his victory as he might have done, through
by the conspicuous part which Aphrodite has in reluctance to shed the blood of his fellow-citizens.
the general action ; a circumstance which certainly The democratic leaders were less scrupulous, and,
favours the idea that the author of the general plan having been reinforced from Mantineia, got Stasip-
of the poem was a Cyprian.
pus and many of his friends into their power, and
The Cypria was the first, in the order of the murdered them after the mockery of a trial. (Xen.
events contained in it, of the poems of the Epic Hell. vi. 4. § 18, 5. SS 6, &c. ; Val. Mar. iv. I,
Cycle relating to the Trojan War. It embraced Ext. 5. ) [CALLIBIUS, No. 2. ] (E. E. )
the period antecedent to the beginning of the Iliad, STATA MATER, a Roman divinity, whose
to which it was evidently designed to form an in- image at one time stood in the forum, where fires
troduction. From the outline given by Proclus, were lighted every night. Subsequently, when
and from the extant fragments, a good idea may be the forum was paved, the fires were kindled in
formed of its structure and contents. The Earth, other parts of the town, in order not to spoil the
wearied with the burthen of the degenerate race stones (Fest. p. 317, ed. Müller). In inscriptions
of man, entreats Zeus to diminish their numbers. she is sometimes called Statia Mater, and she is
He grants her request, and prepares two chief probably identical with Vesta. (Hartung, Die Re-
agents to accomplish it, Helen and Achilles, the lig. d. Röm. vol. ii. p. 110. )
(L. S. )
beauty of the former furnishing the cause of the STATEIRA (ETáteipa). l. Wife of Arta-
contest, and the sword of the latter the instrument xerxes II. , king of Persia, was the daughter of a
of extermination. The events succeeding the birth noble Persian named Idernes. She was married
of Helen (or rather, for the form of the myth is to Artaxerxes (then called Arsaces) during the
varied), her being sent by Zeus to Leda to bring up, lifetime of his father Ochus, and it was only by
and the marriage of Peleus, down to the sailing of the urgent entreaties of her husband that the
the expedition against Troy, were related at great queen-mother Parysatis was prevailed upon to
length, and the incidents of the war itself much more spare her life, when she put to death all her
briefly, the latter part being apparently occupied brothers and sisters on account of the revolt of
chiefly with those previous adventures of the heroes their eldest brother Terituchmes (Ctesias, Pers.
which are referred to in the Iliad. It concluded SS 53—56; Plut. Artax. 2). The enmity thus ori-
with the following somewhat clumsy contrivance ginated between Parysatis and Stateira was aggra-
to connect it with the opening of the Iliad: the vated by many successive circumstances. Pary.
war itself is not found to be murderous enough to satis, while she exercised great influence over
accomplish the object prayed for by the Earth ; Artaxerxes, still preferred her son Cyrus, while
and in order to effect it more surely, the fresh con- Stateira was warmly attached to her husband, who
tention between Achilles and Agamemnon is stirred appears to have requited her affection with equal
up by Zeus. (R. J. F. Henrichsen, de Carminibus ardour. Hence, when the rebellion of Cyrus be-
Cypriis, Havn. 1828, 8vo. ; Welcker, in the Zeit- came known, B. C. 401, Stateira was one of the
schrift für Alterth. 1834, Nos. 3, &c. ; Müller, loudest in the clamour raised against the queen-
Gesch. d. Griech. Lit. vol. i. pp. 118-120, pp. 68, mother, who by her ill-timed favour to her younger
69, Eng. trans. ; Bode, Gesch. d. Hellen. Dicht- son had involved the empire in these dangers.
kunst, vol. i. pp. 363—378 ; Bernhardy, Grundriss Again, after the defeat and death of Cyrus, the
d. Griech. Lit. vol. ii. pp. 150–152 ; Clinton, F.