No More Learning

The intent was surprize the
and I desire your help and counsel therein. One special friend I have in the court, whereby
captain the guard the court, his own house, and some others; and then surprize the Tower London and that the earl of Essex resolved (these things being accomplish ed) immediately have called parliament reform disorders and private grievances. That
I have intelligence from time to time: and I
hold ourselves indifferently affected by the ci
i. London, hope good tizens of and to have a
in Wales. He confessed also, that they
Drury-house,
ad two several meetings at to
deponent utterly
this disliked
consult of these matters; and the projects
were, Whether it were better first to surprize
the Court, or to take the Tower of London, or
to stir in the city. But most agreed, first to
surprize the Court. And then and there sir
John Davis took pen, ink, and paper, and set
down, That some should keep the hall, some
the court-gates, some the guard-chamber, and
some the presence-chamber; saying, many of not for any malice private discontent other
Wise.
the guard had been the earl of Essex's servants, and were preferred to the queen by him, and will be more indifferent to deal with than
others; and so my lord shall have a way
Sir John Davis's ExAMINATION.
He saith, That the earl's purpose was, through his own guards to come to the privy possess himself the court, and take the
chamber, and the presence of the queen. And Tower London; and that they had several sir Ferd. Gorges said to the earl of Essex, meetings consultation, together with the earl
courses; court, per suaded the earl rather fiee into Wales, or
and after the alarm was given
other parts beyond the seas for his security, and avoiding the imminent danger was fallen into, than trust the city. And lastly, protested, for his own part, what
had done the business, was merely for the love bore the earl Southampton, and
these
Alas! my lord, what is so small a number of Southampton, Ferd. Gorges, Jo. Little
men able to do in so worthy an action ? and so ton, sir Christ. Blunt, sir Cha. Davers, and
dissuaded the earl from surprizing the court, this Deponent. And these matters (he con
and rather bade him submit himself to the fesseth) the earl
queen's mercy, than proceed any further. And own hand, viz,
that the earl of Southampton said at Fssex outward gate
house, Is it not three months since this plot ment the and water-gate, and Cha. Da began, and shall we resolve on nothing? Then vers the presence and guard-chamber; then
my lord Essex and his forces would have come land, and have possessed the pre
sence the queen. The question was asked
upon a sudden they agreed, first stir
London, where they assured themselves great
favour: and after the counsel was locked up,
this Deponent followed the troops into London;
and after some advice the earl of Essex sent How
Essex (as this Deponent saith), would deal with offenders, and such him, after should possessed
him back again with token deliver the Lord Chief Justice only, colour which token set liberty the Lord Keeper and the rest. Lastly, confirmed, that told sir Walter Raleigh first, upon the Thames, my
resisted
these things He resolved them way An
Fo making
lord Essex's his house
guard, delivered
swer, That meant admit them all an honourable trial.
Sir Christopher Blunt's ExAMINATION. He confesseth that the earl of Essex sent
his friends into arms,
about the 20th Jan. visit his
sir Walter
Sir Charles Davers's
ExAMINATION.
Raleigh.
Wiseman,
wife with letters compliment, and require him come unto him London, settle
and
He confesseth, That before Christmas last his estate according had written unto the earl Essex entered into consideration, him before some few days. Being demanded how he might secure himself have access what end they went the city, join with the queen's presence without resistance; and such strength they hoped for there; con that the resolution was agreeable certain fesseth, was secure the earl Essex's Articles written with the earl Essex's own life, against such forces should sent hand, and sent the earl Southampton against him. And being asked, What, against
surprize the court; and that there were divers the queen's forces? answered, That must consultations about and the points were have been judged afterwards. —But being fur these first, take the Tower, for would ther asked, Whether did advise come command London, then surprize the court; unto the court over night saith, no; for and after, the court being taken and possessed, Ferd. Gorges did assure, that the alarum to have assembled the rest their friends, and was taken the court, and the guards
have presented themselves the queen: doubled. Being asked, Whether
and that being done, and the guards secured, any prince could have endured
sir Christ. Blunt should keep the outward gates subject make the city his mediator
thought
have any or,
of the court, sir John Davis the hall and gather force speak for him saith, He
water-gate, Charles Davers (this Deponent) not read stories former times; but he
should keep the presence and guard-chamber, doth not know, but that former times sub
vol.
-
the earl
Essex set down with his Christ. Blunt keep the the court himself, this Depo
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Sir Christopher
heard my lord Essex cry, Charge, charge! and call for his horse. And saith, that she riff Smith was as far the matter as the best of them.
STATE TRIALS, 43 Eliz. 1600–Earls of Esser and Southampton, [1348
1347]
jects have used force their mediation. —Being
Lord Sandes's ExAMINATION.
asked what should have been done any He saith, He was sent for Sunday morn the persons that should have been removed ing, the same day, the earl Essex and from the queen? He answered, That never coming Essex house, found then but found my lord disposed shed blood; but that few there: but short time after, canne the any that should have been found, should have earl Southampton with the rest. This De had indifferent trial. —Being asked upon his ponent agreeth divers other circumstances conscience, Whether the earl Essex did not
give him comfort, that came authority,
with former Examinations: he confesseth, he went with the earl into London, and came back with him Ludgate; and there being repulsed,
toleration for religion should have been blame
Petitions the earl Southampton, Cha. which my lord confesseth; but saith, that thera I)avers, sir John Davis, Ferd. Gorges, Jo. was nothing but key iron chest,
Littleton, and this Deponent; which were the effect before remembered. And further this Deponent remembereth, That the earl
Essex's purpose was (after these things should
there should confesseth,
have denied it.
Mr. Attorney here urged, that there was Insurrection London, the earl Essex set combination; and one Pashell affirmed the down divers Articles with his own hand, with burning black purse the earl Essex,
Blunt's second ExAMINATION. He saith, That four five days before the
over-passed
government: and further this Deponent con fesseth himself reconciled the Pope and moreover saith, that the earl Essex said,
He looked not that any should troubled for Religion, and Liberty Conscience; that received letters from the earl of Essex the 20th
Jan. come London, whereupon &allie. -
which took out, and burnt paper the same purse, which did not contain above five six lines secret matter: and, for that he would not have much their names drawn into question, which were altogether ignorant
and settled) alter the state
j.
The Earl
He saith, That being London, with the earl
of Essex, heard him cry out the streets, England bought and sold the Spaniard and confesseth, when they had been possessed
he earl Essex down Fleet-street, intending to
Rutland's ExAMINATION.
London, their purpose was have taken the
Lord Keeper with them the Court, with the
earl Essex's company; and that the earl
Southampton and John Davis were spe also, went back with the earl cial confederacy and trust with the earl Es and they were repulsed.
sex these causes. Lastly, That the earl Mr. Attorney. Now, my lord,
Essex said, was sure sheriff Smith this Deponent specially noted, the earl ampton was very much discontented.
Lord Cromwel's ExAMINATION.
He saith, IIe never heard the matter till
the same Sunday-morning, when the earl Essex coming through Fleet-street, where this 1)eponent lay, and being sent for man may lord's, came into the street him; where my lord and divers his followers took him the hand, and bade him welcome, praying him
along with him and the earl Essex cried, for the good the queen, and
you all, my masters. First, went the uinations agree one, were they never mayor's house, and then sherifi Smith's house; far distant; but, good my lord, let me intreat and being Gracechurch-street, and hearing your lordship consider who they that tes
the Proclamation, the -cari Essex said, tify this against me: My lord, they are men Where the Sheriff Let him bring muskets within the danger the law, and such speak and pistols; for am coedibly informed out with desire live; but think they have Ireland, that the kingdom England sold much answer for between God and their the Spaniard. And upon the Proclamation souls and me. see they charge Ine with the she DePuncut left him and company. surpriziug the Tower; but upon what ground
these occurrents, did throw the purse and paper into the fire. And also Pashell confess eth further, that when the earl Essex came out London his house, told them, that
was beloved the city.
Lord Monteagle's ExAMINATIox.
He saith, He had foreknowledge of these
matters; but confesseth, follo
the mayor, and his house
And this Deponent being with the earl Es sex Gracechurch-street, confesseth he did
hear the earl (when the lord Burleigh came with the herald arms) command some his fol lowers bid the herald stay, for he would not
He saith Ludgate,
hear him abuse the queen's name.
beseech the peers, South let the due consideration of these several Exa
and your grace, and you, my lords, that
minations and Depositions enter into your hearts; and but note, they have agreed
and jumped together each particular point,
notwithstanding they were severally exa
mined; but must needs think the just judg
ment God, his mercy towards our sove
reign, have the truth marvellously reveal ed; coming from them their own accords,
without rack torture any them.
Essor. Mr. Attorney, answer, then, this
for that point; The self-same fear, and the self same examiner, may make these several Exa
wed t
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1349] STATE TRIALS, 43 Etiz. 1600. —for IIgh Treason. [1350
do they speak they had only some particular Articles writing under his hand, therein lay notes of my friends names, but ever very scorn ing open the projects his purpose for sur fully dashed at me : when my friends per prizing the court and Tower. -
suaded me any course, this was my purpose, have come with cight nine honourable Persons, who had just cause discontentment
Southampton. was foolish action,
needs confess, the going through the town, and
(though not equal with nine) unto her majesty,
and petition, prostrating ourselves her
majesty's feet, have put ourselves unto her mies, that would have stopped his passage
nercy. And the effect our desires should have been, that she would have been pleased
have severed some from her majesty, who, reason their potency with her, abused her majesty's ears with false informations; and they
were Cobham, Cecil and Raleigh for we
thought my lord Cobham carried himself such
factious and dangerous courses, told her
majesty many untruths: which was principal world, and therefore you shall not need in cause (as think) withdrawing her favour sist upon these circumstances; for lay not
from us. And that intent, remove such my cause upon aught that shall your lord from her highness confess) was the only de ship any harm for my sake for, protest, my sire we had present ourselves humility heart bears you malice, but what spake
before her majesty, but without any purpose hurt her highness: for, protest before God
was freely, and God's presence, hoping her majesty would have heard us, and our com plaints being but true. And further as
that was suddenly passed over purpose have men planted
but my lord's the court, was private ene
regard feared hindrance
the queen; which, protest, intended
other end, but prostrate himself her ima jesty's feet, and submit her mercy,
have formerly heard.
Cobham. My lord Essex, let me know,
intreat you, why you lay such imputations upon me, you have delivered.
Esser. My Lord, have forgiven the
must
carry reverent and loyal duty her
majesty, any man the world. But now, sure your lordship, that never spake out
lord, seeing that have heard the testimony fear death, desire life.
Ferdinando Gorges, and himsest here Bacon. My Lord, may please your grace,
court testify will say more, but that whatsoever my lord Essex hath here denied,
please her majesty will glad, and pray
merciful unto him, my conceit seemeth small. speak yet whatsoever not any ordinary Jury, but prudent, grave
dealing testify and wise peers; and this must needs say, the truth: and, Ferdinando, speak nothing evident that you, my lord Essex, had touch thyself, and speak what thou wilt planted pretence your heart against the
hath said, life and
me; for see thou desirest live, yet speak government: and now, under colour excuse,
like man.
Lord Admiral. desire, for the better sa
tisfaction myself and fellow peers, that
you must lay the cause upon particular enemies. You put me remembrance one Pisistratus, that was come into city, and doting upon the
Gorges might unfold openly what other secrets affections the citizens unto him, having
have passed between him and my lord Essex, purpose procure the subversion king touching the State. - dom, and wanting aid for the accomplishing his
Esser. Ah! my Lord Admiral, assure your humour, thought the surest means for the win self, faith, Treason: But yet, pray thee, ning the hearts the citizens unto him, and
good Ferdinando, speak openly
thou dost remember; and with desire thee speak freely.
whatsoever my heart
that hope entered the city, and cut his body over-thwart, the end they might conjecture
had been danger: and this means held the same conceit you and your complices did; entering the city London, persuading yourselves, they had undertaken your cause,
Gorges. All that can remember, have delivered my Examination; and further, cannot say.
Esser. Yes, Ferdinando, ever you knew would have gone well your side. And
any other matter, which contained any thought Treason disloyalty, speak for they are
things not forgotten. -
Southampton. Good Ferdinando satissy
now, my lord, you have said, can say, answer these matters, are but shadows; and therefore, methinks, were your best course
confess, and not justify.
the Court what was intended among our Esser. May please your lordship, must conferences, and talk our enemies, and dis produce Mr. Bacon for Witness; for when
contentments, and consultations, and what was our best course for our defence against
the course private persecution was hand, and most assailed ine, then Mr. Bacon was the
man that proffered means the queen, and drew letter my maine, and his brother sir Nicholas Bacon's name; which letter pur posed shew the queen, and Gosnal was the man that brought them unto me: wherein did see Mr. Bacon's hand pleaded orderly, and appointed them out that were my enemies,
directly might be. Which Letters know Mr. Secretary Cecil hath seen, and him
them.
-
Gorges. Some delivered their minds one way, some another; but, the Oath have
taken, did never know hear any thought
purpose hurt majesty's person
Admiral. ter satisfaction
disloyalty intended
her
my lord Essex.
desire know, for the bet
my conscience, whether my lord Essex did any time deliver out any
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, 1351] STATE TRIALS, 43 Eliz: 1600–Earls of Esser and Southampton, [1352
will appear what conceit he held of me, and no otherwise than he here coloureth and pleadeth the contrary. -
Bacon. My Lord, I spent more hours to make you a good subject, than upon any man
my humbling; that you, in the rust of your bravery, came make your oration against
in the world besides, but since you have stirred up this point, my lord, I dare warrant you this Letter will not blush: for I did but perform the #. of an honest man, and ever laboured to
Esser. Here stands honourable person (meaning the earl Southampton) that knows
speak no fables; heard well
Cecil. Then, my lord Southampton,
grave, and wise counsellor hath lamented and adjure you the duty you owe God, loy grieved at the courses he hath seen taken, and alty and allegiance you owe your sovereign, therewith hath wished himself often dead; and tokens true Christianity, and the this I speak upon credible and honourable in ancient friendship and acquaintance once be
ve done ifit
to no other end; for what I intended for your you; name him you dare.
you good, might been,
him, you dare, you dare, defy name him
good, was wished from the heart, without touch of any man's honour.
Esser. Well, my Lord, I do here protest before the living God, that an honourable,
formation : but I can prove thus much from Robert Cecil's own mouth; that he, speaking
have and
tween us, that you name the counsellor. Southampt. Mr. Secretary, you will needs have me name the Counsellor, was Mr.
Comptroller.
Whereupon the Secretary falling down upon
Here
the court, having kept himself private till then, upon his knee desired the Lord High Steward, and humbly desired leave speak Essex. that gentleman the privy-chamber (or one
Sir Cecil. The difference between you that might have access the queen) might go,
one
That none had right
his fellow-counsellors, should say,
Spain
me here this day.
Cecil. My lord, humbly
thank God that companion for you had, you would have drawn me betray my sovereign,
you did not take me for
you and your humours; for
you have done; but would have you name
the counsellor you speak of; name him, name
the world but the infanta
the crown England.
Robert Cecil stepped forth into his knees, said, thank God for this day and
and me great; for speak the person honest man, and you, my lord, the person
and humbly intreat her highness command Mr. Comptroller come before grace.
Traitor: well know, you have wit
have innocence, truth conscience, and ho privy-chamber) said unto him, Go, Mr. Knevet,
[Hereupon the Lord High Steward calling will. The pre-eminence hath been yours, but Mr. Knevet gentleman her majesty's
nesty, defend me against the scandal
slanderous tongues, and aspiring hearts; and
protest before God, have loved your person,
and justified your virtues: and appeal God cess unto her majesty; tell her, that vow be and the queen, that told her majesty, your fore the God Heaven, that she refuse afflictions would make you servant for send Mr. Comptroller, whereby may clear her. And had not seen your ambitious af. myself these open scandals, will rather die fections inclined usurpation, could have
gone my knees her majesty have done
you good; but you have sheep's garment
show, and appearance are humble and reli And withal, let me adjure you, Mr. Knevet, gious but God thanked, know you, for that you not acquaint Mr. Comptroller with indeed your religion appears Blunt, Davis the cause why you come for him.
i.
lost; you stand treachery, wherewith your sent for, and desired him satisfy the lords,
heart possessed: and you charge me with whether Mr. Secretary did use any such speech high things, wherein defy you the utter his hearing, his knowledge.
most. You, my good lords, counsellors state, Mr. Comptroller. remember that once have had many conferences, and confess Mr. Secretary's company, there was Book
have said the king Scots competitor, read, that treated such matters; but never
and the king Spain competitor, and you did hear Mr. Secretary use any such words,
have said are competitor: you would depose or to that effect. -
the queen, you would king England, and Whereupon Mr. Secretary thanked God,
call parliament. Ah, my lord, were but that though the earl stood there Traitor,
your own case, the loss had been the less; but yet was found honest man, and faithful
you have drawn number noble persons and subject: withal saying, beseech God for
and Tresham, your chiefest counsellors for the resent: and promising liberty conscience
Mr. Knevet went, and not long after return with Mr. Comptroller, whom the Lord
stand for
loyalty,
which never
High
Steward
repeated
the cause
why
he was
gentlemen birth and quality into your net
rebellion, and their bloods will cry vengeance
against you. For my part, vow God,
wish my soul was heaven, and my body
give you for this open wrong done unto me, openly pronounce forgive you from the
bottom my heart.
Esser. And Mr. Secretary, do clearly
and freely forgive you with my soul; be cause mean die charity.
rest,
Essex. Ah Mr. Secretary, thank God for
this had never been.
unto her majesty, and let her understand Mr. Secretary's demand. ]
Cecil. Mr. Knevet, you shall have free ac
her foot, (as her subject and vassal) than live her any more service this honour able degree, wherein her highness employs me.
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1853] STATE TRIALS, 43 Eliz. 1600–for High Treason: [1354
Bacon. My lord, you may now perceive ver knew any intent and meaning, did
my jopr. ocure that lord of Essex went about to
matter,
South. Well, I beseech your lordship,
me satisfy your lordship and the rest thus much,
against my sovereign state; other action the
and to
give
over on the instant.
did, was assist my lord Es inferreth against me persuader and
that for my own part, did never know the laws. Now shew the causes that made me adventure so far as did the first occasion that made me adventure into these courses was the affinity betwixt my lor me,
but only
sex his private quarrel; and therefore, Mr. Attorney, you have urged the matter very far, and you wrong me therein, my blood upon your head. As for my lord Rutland, whereas
ssex and
being his blood, and marrying his kinswo
wrongeth me exceedingly for was never "the man that saw me once discontented, and therefore had small ground reason say.
And you, Mr. Attorney, whereas you charge
me for papist, protest most unfeignedly,
was never conversant with any that sort;
only knew one White, priest, that went and
town, yet
man; that for his sake *ed my life but what
have my forward altogether ignorant,
act,
but thought am assured never. And
ness offended
i.
am
through my ignorance the law have fended, yet humbly submit myself her ma
jesty, and from the
her gracious pardon,
hope that neither your lordship nor any the peers will hold any the former resolutions spoken these orators for any certainty, which depends otherwise than one upon
another. For any foolish speeches have passed, protest, shall saved, that they
dE
inviter
my actions, lord Essex these
my beg heart
down the him
did never converse with
please her: and
my life.
Esser. My lord, and you that our peers,
ever mean intend any treason, rebellion,
. . . ;
beseech you give me hearing thus far; not that will speak for the safeguard my life, but
with this my desire, charge the souls all them that be our censurers or triers: because
out form and custom speaking, these
were never purposed purposed
majesty's person.
Esser. beseech your lordship under
torney, that our being London when we were past Pauls, word was brought me, that
me, nor understood
me, the hurt her come the bar, that may not thought
stand me, and assure yourself, that what now
speak, not with any desire protest)
spare one drop my blood; and because
some honourable persons are interested the tween the earl
cause, would (under favour) signify, because Grey, happening
the point hath been much urged Mr.
At tent; for soon knew found my af
the chain was drawn Ludgate, and that my lord Cumberland was there: which when
sections stir exceedingly: yet have since that time laboured, and my prayers God earnestly desired, that might armed with patience
orators would make them more odious that
have done this upon revenge: for within these few days purposed have received the com munion, testimony that was far from
bearing malice any, not much
my private enemies. But the falling out be Southampton and the lord
endure afflictions. And here
heard, was right glad for there had been protest before the ever-living God, may-"
cause, would have been glad put myself have mercy me, that my conscience clear
into honourable person's hands his but from any disloyal thought harm her ma
was false report, for my lord was not then jesty; and my desire ever hath been free come thither. After which went sheriff from bloodshed, Mr. Dove can witness. But
Smith's house, and after my coming thither, my thoughts and purposes did not ever
sent the Sheriff and Mr. Alderman Watts my Lord Mayor, desiring him come
desire the good estate my sovereign and us; country, my own soul; beseech the Lord
he would not, send four his aldermen
see we demeaned ourselves loyally, with this place, for just vengeance my untruths intent put ourselves into their hands use the world. And God, which knoweth
then shew some mark upon me and my soul they would, put into any prison; the secrets all hearts, knoweth that never
yet regard our private enemies, and the
fear their treachery, desired them shut their gates and this was the end for which went into the city.
sought the crown England, nor ever wished higher degree than subject. greatly
peace, only Attor. My lord, you had other pur the presence
pose, why did you into Gracechurch Street,
and Fenchurch Street, crying out
you went, England bought and sold Spaniard
the way the
shed one drop their blood And this, my
Sunday, hindered my in
have brought my conscience seeking secure my access the queen, that might speedily
have unfolded my griefs unto her majesty against my private enemies; but not have
endeavoured
lord, speak, the end might put im Southamp. Mr. Attorney, protest (as putation being hypocrite, atheist;
hope have mercy heaven) never heard for was never papist, neither did ever favour my lord speak any such word, neither did any sectary (as my lord Canterbury know hear the proclamation you speak made eth and can testify); my religion, sound, by my lord Burleigh and herald arms; and live, mean die
neither did see them and deny (my soul Bacon. Well, my lord, may please your and conscience bearing me witness) that ne grace, you may see how weakly hath sha
of I
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1355] STATE TRIALs, 43 Eliz. 1000–Earls of Essex and Southampion, [1356 -*
dowed purpose, and how slenderly hath called Thomas lord Howard, who stood answered the objections against him. But, my bare-headed.
lord, doubting that too much variety matter Steward. My lord Thomas Howard may minister occasion forgetfulness; will Whether Robert earl Essex guilty this
only trouble your lordship's remembrance with Treason whereupon hath been indicted, this only point, rightly comparing this rebellion you take upon your honour,
my lord Essex the duke Guise's, that Tho. Howard. Whereupon the lord came upon the Barricadoes Paris his Thomas Howard made answer, bending
doublet and hose, attended upon with men: body, and laying his left hand upon his right but his confidence the city was such (even side, said, “Guilty, my lord, High-Treason. ”
my lord's was), that when had delivered After which manner the peers found him himself far, and that the shallowness his guilty one after another, from the puisne the own conceit could not accomplish what ex highest, and delivered like sort upon their pected, the king his defence taking arms honours. Being called over a-new, they found against him, was glad yield himself, think Henry earl Southampton guilty High ing colour his pretexts, turned his prac Treason also.
tices, and alledged the occasion thereof Then the Serjeant Arms commanded the private quarrel. Lieutenant the Tower bring his Prisoners
Josser. My lord, must confess was my the bar again. Then the Clerk the fault stand out, and maintain my house Crown speaking first the earl Essex, said; with defence and resisting; but will not deny Robert earl Essex, you have been arraigned but that my lord Southampton and Cha. and indicted High-Treason you have Pavers did persuade me parley with my Lord pleaded not Guilty, and for your trial you have General; which hope your lordship will re put yourself upon God and your peers; the member did yield upon some indifferent terms peers here (who have heard the Evidence and and conditions; which were, That might your Answer your Defence) have found yon have honourable trial. That might Guilty now what can you say for yourself, deliver my griefs myself the queen. That why you should not have judgment death
might safety. That might have 2sser. only say this, That since have my minister with me. And, lastly, (Which committed that which hath brought me within chiefly beg her majesty,) That she would the compass the law, may counted the
law's Traitor offending the law, for which am willing die, and will willingly thereto
ever did any but beseech your lordship and the rest of the Lords here to have consi
humbly submit the same
cious pleasure. - me the right think me Christian,
Serj. Arms. Then Proclamation was and that have soul save, and that know made, Lieutenant the Tower, withdraw your time jest lying and counterfeiting,
pleased redeem some that were with me the house, and guiltless, knowledge, intent action, what was me purposed. All
which thought good
remember, and
her majesty's gra deration what have formerly spoken, and
They being removed, my soul abhorreth; for am not desperate nor the lords and peers went together into private void grace, now speak falsly. not place made purpose, behind the canopy and speak save my life, for that see were vain: chair estate; then the two Chief Judges owe God death, which shall be welcome,
and the Baron were sent them, how soon soever pleaseth her majesty. And
deliver their Opinions law, which they did satisfy the opinion the world, that my
upon two points; the one,” “That case conscience free from Atheism and Popery, where subject attempteth put himself into howsoever have been this action misled
Prisoners from the bar.
such strength, the king shall not able transgress the points the law, the course resist him, and force and compel the king and defence private matters, and whatsoever govern otherwise than according his own through the weakness my wit, and dulness royal authority and direction, manifest re
bellion. ' The other, “That every Rebelliont
the law intendeth consequent the com
passing the death and deprivation the king, thing otherwise; yet will live and die the
foreseeing that the rebel will never suffer faith and true religion which here have pro
that king live reign, who might punish take revenge his treason and rebellion. ’ After half hour they came out again, and each man took his place; which being done, the Serj. Arms begun the puisne lord, and
Poph. 122, Cr. Car. 583. Keel. 76. Mo. 621. And. 66. Co. Inst. Co. Inst. 12.
fessed.
Then the Clerk of the Crown demanded of
Henry earl Southampton, What could say for himself, why Judgment death should not pronounced against him
War,” 76, 77. both, that seeing you are Witnesses am cou
memory, through violent courses (if there any violent that seek either life death); have omitted may have uttered any
Southampton. My lords, must say for my
part, have said before, That since the igno rance ofthe law hath made me incur the dan
ger the law, humbly submit myself her See Luders's “Considerations the law majesty's mercy; and therefore, my Lord High High Treason the article Levying Steward, and my Lord Admiral, beseech you
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TRIALS, High o 1357] STATE 43 Eliz. 1600. —for Treason. [1358
to extend shall with humility receive Steward. My lord Essex, the queen's
majesty hath bestowed many favours your
predecessors and yourself; would wish there tion his body; most wish have the fore that you likewise would submit yourself comfort and spiritual physic from the preacher her majesty's mercy, acknowledging your which hath been and acquainted with the fences, and reconciling yourself inwardly her inward griefs, and secret affections my soul. majesty, laying open matters that were And my last request shall only this; that intended prejudice her majesty, and the will please her highness that my lord Thomas
demned by the letter of the law, it would please
you to let the queen know that I crave her
mercy. I know I have offended her, yet if it
please her to be merciful unto me, I may live,
and by my service deserve my life. I have
been brought up under her majesty, I have
spent the best part of my patrimony in her
majesty's service with danger of my life, as
your lordships know; if there were any that
could challenge me, that I have ever heretofore
committed or intended Treason, or any other
thing prejudicial to her majesty or estate, God
let me never inherit his kingdom, neither
would I desire mercy : but since the law hath
cast me, I do submit myself to death, and yet
I will not despair of her majesty's mercy; for
that I know she is merciful, and if she please that hath been with me since my troubles
Esscr. My lord, you have made
able motion; but send me
my death, and you shall see how penitent and
humble will towards her majesty, both
acknowledging her exceeding favours my
ancestors, and myself: whereby doubt not same with my blood.
but the penitent, suffering my death, and sprinkling my blood, will quench the evil conceited thoughts her majesty against me. And most humbly desire her majesty, that my death may put period my offences committed, and more remembered
her highness. had ever perceived any
The lords promised they would move the queen for his requests.
Esser. humbly thank your lordships.
Then the Serjeant Arms stood with the mace his shoulder, and after proclama tion was made, said thus: All peers that were summoned here this day, may now take
honour the time
this life, for my conscience: and then whensoever shall please her ma
my followers have harboured evil thought their gase; and other persons attending against her majesty, would have been the first here this service, may depart her majesty's
that should have punished the same, being peace, my Lord High Steward pleased - his executioner; and therefore beseech you, dissolve this Commission.
my good lord, mistake me not, nor think me
proud, that will not crave her majesty's mercy,
for protest (kneeling upon the very knee
my heart) crave her majesty's mercy with your two sons that are trouble for my sake:
humility yet had rather die than live protest upon my soul they knew not any misery. thing that was should have been done, but Then the Lord High Steward, after few came me the morning, and desired them exhortations unto the earls prepare them stay, and they knew not wherefore. And
selves for God, told them, Seeing the law had farewel, my lords.
found them guilty, followed course that The earl Southampton obtained reprieve, he must proceed Judgment. but the earl Essex was ordered for Execution.
The earl Essex replied very cheerfully, On the 25th February 1601 which was and said; Yea, my lord, with very good will the day appointed for his Execution, Thomas
pray you on.
Then the Lord High Steward gave Judgment
followeth You must the place from
whence you came, and there remain dur ing her majesty's pleasure; from thence
Mountford and William Barlow, doctors divinity, with Ashton the minister the church the Tower, were sent unto him early the
morning administer christian consolation
her majesty's pleasure, and God have mercy your souls.
Esser. My lord, am not whit
receive this Sentence, for protest death welcome me life; and shall die
cheerful death upon such testimony, ever did man. And think my poor quarters that have done her majesty true service di vers parts the world, should sacrificed and disposed her majesty's pleasure; where unto with all willingness heart have sub mitted myself. But one thing beg you, my lords, that have free access her majesty's person, humbly beseech her majesty grant me, that (during the short time shall live) may have the same preacher comfort me,
began; for that hath been long sick, most desirous the physician which hath been, and best acquainted with the constitu
actors thereof; and thereby doubt you shall find her majesty merciful.
Howard and the Lieutenant the Tower may
receiving the Sacra token what
partakers with me ment, and witness have protested
true . . ". religion, and peace
jesty call me, shall ready seal the
As the lords were rising, the earl Esse said, My lord De Ware, and my lord Mor ley, beseech your lordships pardon me for
his soul. presence these men gave hurdle through London streets, thanks Almighty God from the bottom his
drawn
and
shall
your head and quarters disposed Camd. Eliz. 621,
the place Execution, where you heart, that his designs, which were danger hanged, bowelled, and quartered
as I be to on
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1859] STATE TRIALS, 42 Eliz. 1600–Proceedings against the Earl of Gowrie, [1360
ous to the state, succeeded not. He told them, the earl's sufferings, and satiate his hatred he had now looked thoroughly and seriously with his blood. But being admonished not
into his sin, and was heartly sorry he had so obstinately defended an unjust cause at the bar. He thanked the queen she had granted he should not be publicly executed, lest his mind, which was now settled and composed, might be disturbed by the acclamations of the people, protesting that he had now learned how vain a thing the blast of popular favour and applause was. He acknowledged how worthy he was to be spued out (these were his words) by the Common-wealth, for the wickedness of his en terprize, which he likened to a leprosy spread far and near, and that had infected many.
press upon the earl his death, which the part rather ignoble brutes, withdrew himself further off, and beheld his Execution out the armory. —The earl, soon was come upon the scaffold, uncovered his head, and lifting
his eyes heaven, acknowledged that many and
great had been the sins his youth, for which, with snost fervent prayer (he begged pardon
the eternal majesty God, through Christ mediator; especially for this last sin, which termed bloody, crying, and contagious sin, wherewith many had been seduced sin against God, their prince and country. He
The Queen in the mean time wavered in her besought the queen and her ministers forgive mind. One while relenting, she sent her com him, praying for her long life and prosperous mands by Edward Carey that should not estate, protesting withal that never intended
don, and had declared openly that life would be the queen's destruction, she soon after sent fresh cominand Darcy that should
executed: but then remembering his per lay violent hands her person. He gave verse obstinacy, that scorned ask her par God thanks that he had never been Atheist,
put death. Then
death; desiring the standers-by join with
Papist, but had placed his hope and con fidence the merits Christ. He prayed God strengthen his mind against the terrors
was brought forth+ between the scaffold erected within the Court
the Tower: Near which sat the earls Cumberland and Hertford, viscount Howard Bindon, the lord Howard Walden, the lord Darcy Chiche, and the lord Compton.
him short prayer, which with broken sighs, and fervent affection of inward devotion, he
presently uttered. Afterwards the executioner asking forgiveness forgave him; He recited the Apostles Creed, and then laying himself down, placed his neck upon the block; and having repeated the first verses the 51st
divines yard
There were present also some the aldermen
London, and Walter Raleigh, who we Psalm, said, ‘In humility and obedience
may believe himself, came with intent prostrate myself my deserved punishment: make answer any thing should objected Thou, God! have mercy thy prostrate ser against him the earl his death; but others vant; Into thy hands, Lord! commend thought came feed his eyes with sight my spirit. ”—His head was taken off the third
stroke, but the first took away all sense and Moor, 623. motion.
71. Proceedings Parliament against John Earl Gowrie, ALEXANDER RUTHv his Brother, HENRY RUTHv EN, Hugh MoncriEF, and PETER Eviot, for High Treason: 42 Eliz. Nov. 15, 1600, Edinburgh. [Extracted from the au
thentick Records, and the principal Vouchers (which public Custody the Parliament-House, Edinburgh) George Earl Cromerty, Keeper the Records, Temp. Cor.
Also from the Somers' Tracts, coll. vol. 218. ]
WILLIAM, earl Gowrie, having been tious clergy. Albeit, the king did, with great condemned Stirling, and executed the benignity, restore the earl Gowrie his fa year 1584, with two others, for seditious prac ther's honours and estate; yet, his two sons, tices, seizing the king's person Ruthven the earl, and Mr. Alexander, were nursed House, when minority, and banishing such malice against the king, some his from him others who were not their party, relations, (but especially the Clergy), that making him condescend what they proposed, neither the king's restoring him his estate and levying forces secure themselves and and honour, conferring also other marks of fa the king's person their custody; occasioned vour and trust him, (and placing his sister the hot clergy their party, both preach the first lady honour the queen, and and publish scandalous pamphlets against the making his brother Alexander one of his bed king and government this did beget strict chamber) could allay his revenge, till last, friendship between young Gowrie and the sac resolved bring long-designed purpose
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1361] STATE TRIALS, 42 Eliz. 1600. —and others, for High Treason. [1362
to effect. For, in August 1600, he devised and them, the instance whatsoever persons; contrived the bringing the king from Falkland that so, they might have safety and freedom
to his house in Perth; and there, with fel compear and which relaxations were promul low-conspirators, have murdered the king. gated, the mercat-crosses the shires where
On account this Treason and several each person had his abode; and also the
.
*: o o
of the said William, had any) and others, having pretence interest the mat ter, hear found; and declared, that the
said earl Gowrie, and Mr. Alexander his brother, had committed Treason, attempting
heraulds and messengers having, new, veri
fied the executions upon oath formerly, &c. neither William, nor none for him, nor the others cited, compearing; the King's Advocate did take instruments thereon: only Mr. Thomas
disorders,
Edinburgh on the first November that of Leith. And these executions and relaxations
year 1600, albeit the printed Acts bear
meeting
Accordingly, indicted, king's.
be holden 1600, and,
Edinburgh the 1st
ordinary, was adjourned The Lords Commissioners Parliament did
Parliament was indicted meet mercat-cross Edinburgh, and shoar and peer
the 15th. Parliament was
were registrated the records the shires where the accused did reside which pro
duction the advocate did take instru Nov. inents.
the 4th. On which day, Thomas Hamilton, remit the said Andrew Henderson the Tol king's advocate, produced summons Trea booth for safe custody, and the Parliament ad
son duly executed against William Ruthven, journed until the Nov. : which
also, the summons, the tutors and curators mons of Treason and Executions; and the
day, brother and apparent heir John earl the Parliament having met, the said Thomas Gowrie, and Mr. Alexander Ruthven calling Hamilton, Advocate, produced the said sum
bereave his majesty his life, St. John Henrison, one the commissaries Edinburgh, stoun, the 5th day August last by-past: compeared for the foresaid Andrew Henderson, The Summons and Executions being read, and and produced the Writ following, undersub the heraulds and messengers sworn the vera scribed the king's advocate. “It our city the executions, both their private ‘will and we command you, that upon sight houses, mercat-crosses, and shoar and peer
Leith, &c. (which are the most public Intima tions and Citations that can given the law Scotland which Citations were given on the 28th August and 29th ditto, their respective places and mercat-crosses, and the Parliament was declared current daily.
and verifications, made on oath the face “our hand Holy-rood-house, the 9th
the court, against Alexander and Henry Ruth “Nov. 1600. Sic subscribitur, Jacobus R. ”
ven, sons Alex. Ruthven Frieland and Conform whereunto, the advocate did delete
against Hugh Moncrief, brother William his name. ’
Moncrief that ilk; Patrick Eviot, brother The Heraulds and Messengers did, that
Colin Eviot Balhousie; hear and see same time, again verify upon oath the execu
themselves decerned, guilty High-Treason, tions given and the relaxations and execu and Lese-Majesty against the king Perth, tions against William, and Alexander, and
the 5th day August last past. And likewise Henry Ruthven, Patrick Eviot, and Hugh Mon by warrant from the Parliament, one Andrew crief; and the Parliament found the Dittay re
Henderson, who was prisoner the Tolbooth levant: and then adjourned till the 15th Edinburgh, accusation for the said crime, November, and remitted the examination of was brought the baillie Edinburgh, and the witnesses the Lords Articles, which sisted before the Parliament; having re are Committee Parliament, according ceived formal summons the Tolbooth, the the constant practice and custom Parlia 28th August last past. ment. —Note, the Lords the Articles that
The summons being thrice called, the execu parliament, were two bishops and four abbots, tions verified, and none the persons cited men great worth and integrity; four compearing, excepting Andrew Henderson the earls, viz. Lennox, Errol, Marrischal, and prisoner; the King's Advocate did take instru Marr; four lords, viz. Seton, Livingstoun,
Newbottle, and Fivie; seven barons, and nine commissioners boroughs.
“berlain unquhile John earl Gowrie, his “name furth of the summons of Treason and
‘Forfaulture, raised and executed against him, for being art, part, redd, counsel, and coun “selling, the late Treason conspired the
‘said umquhile earl, his unquhile brother, and
‘complices, against our person and you cutions were read over again, another summons ‘will answer hereupon; keeping thir treason was produced, with their executions “presents for your warrant. Subscribed with
On the 9th day, the said Summons and Exe
ments and likewise the king's advocate did
then, and there, produce before the lords, our
sovereign lord's letters relaxation, given
under his highness's signet Edinburgh, relax did again meet, and the Advocate did again call
ing the persons summoncil from the horn, and from the summons executed against
See Spotiswood's History the Church
Scotland, 457, 458, 459, 460. WOJ,
the summons Treason against the fore mentioned persons (except Henderson), for enterprizing the slaughter the king, the 5th August last past. Being three called, and none compearing, the hail estates did find
“hereof, delete Andrew Henderson, cham
On the 15th November, the Parliament
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1553] STATE TRIALS, 42 Eliz. 1600–Proceedings against Earl Gowrie [130+
both the summons, reasons and causes therein mentioned, relevant; and therefore admitted the same the Advocate's probation. Where
loped Perth, before the rest the company, horning duly executed and endorsed, against towards his brother's lodging, purpose (as the
Aiexander and Henry Ruthven, Hugh Mon deponent believes), advertise the earl crief, and Patrick Eviot; bearing, that they Gowrie his majesty's coming there. And
upon the Advocate did produce the Letters
And his majesty was within mile Perth, after that Mir. Alexander had coune certain
space with highness, rod away and gal
were denounced rebels, and put the horn, his majesty was within. two pair for crimes of Treason therein mentioned. the town Perth, the earl
And the oaths and depositions the Wit accompanied with diverse persons,
butt-langs Gowrie,
foot, nesses, and adduced the Advocate, for met his highness the Inche, and saluted proving the Treason against the desenders hiu; and immediately thereafter, his majesty,
(taken before the Lords Articles), viz. the accompanied with this deponent, the earl Deposition umquhile Mr. Thomas Cranstoun, Mar, Inchechasirey, Tho. Erskin, laird
and George Craigingelt, when they were exe Urquhil, James Erskin, Wm. Stuart, Hugh cuted death, for the foresaid crime Trea Herries, John Ramsay, John Murray, John son and likewise, the Advocate repeated the Hamilton the Grange, and John Graham notoriety, with the circumstances the matter Bagowie, past together, the earl Gow
fact, prove the points produced the Depositions
which were read, follows:
The Drfositions the Wrrx Essrs, eramined presence the Lords Articles, for prov
ing the said two Summonses Treason.
for drink, which was long time a-coming: and was hour after his first coming, before
his majesty got his dinner. And the tire that his majesty got his desert, the earl Gow
by-past, this poncut, for the time being Falkland company with his Majesty,
sired them dine, which they did, the hal; and when they had near hand dined, the eart Gowrie came from his majesty's chamber
the Libel; and rie's hall; the said earl Gowrie, and the said the witnesses, Mr. Alex. Ruthven being baith present with them. And after their entry, his inajesty cry’d
Tur Duke Lenox, sworn and examined,
depones, That upon the 5th day August last Mar, and remanent persons foresaid, and de
saw Mr. Alexander Ruthven speaking with
his grace before the stables, betwixt six the hall, and called for wine; and said, that and seven the morning; and shortly there was directed from his majesty's chamber,
after, his majesty passing
the buck, and baving slain one
Falkland, highness spake
disyring him accompany
Perth, speak the earl Gowrie. And
incontinent thereafter, this deponent sent
servant for another horse, and for sword, and
lap on, and followed his grace: and this ment, that unajesty was gone quietly, some deponent overtook his grace, Mr. Alexander quiet errand. And then, the said earl Gow Ruthven was speaking with his majesty; and cry'd for the key garden, and pass'd shortly after the deponent's coming the king, coil pany with this deponent, the garder. his highness rode a-part, and spake with this
d
oeponent, saying, guess, man,
ries, shortly
and certain others: and after their
being the garden, Mr.